Choi Mi Jin, Kang Hyunju, Choi Jimi
Department of Nursing, Chodang University, Muan-gun 58530, Korea.
College of Nursing, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si 24341, Korea.
Children (Basel). 2022 Feb 25;9(3):314. doi: 10.3390/children9030314.
This study aimed to identify the risk factors for obesity in five-year-old children using data from the database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service. We identified 26,047 children who underwent the sixth screening (at age 5) from the 2017 National Health Screening Program for Infant and Children and for whom data from the fourth screening (at age 3) database and the mothers' health screening and eligibility database were available. To identify the risk factors of obesity, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by a hierarchical multiple logistic regression. Female sex, a birth weight of over 4 kg, the "caution/refer" remark during developmental screening at ages three and five, maternal obesity, and a middle-level income were risk factors for obesity in the subjects. Good appetite, high consumption of milk, heavy intake of sweet food at age three, speedy eating, irregular meals and snack times, large single-meal quantities, heavy intake of oily and salty food, and not performing physical exercise at age five were also considered significant risk factors. For early intervention efforts to prevent childhood obesity, modifiable behavioral factors and other obesity risk factors identified in this study could be used to target high-risk children and dietary behaviors.
本研究旨在利用韩国国民健康保险服务数据库中的数据，确定五岁儿童肥胖的风险因素。我们从2017年婴幼儿及儿童国家健康筛查项目中筛选出26,047名接受了第六次筛查（5岁时）的儿童，这些儿童同时拥有第三次筛查（3岁时）数据库以及母亲健康筛查与资格数据库中的数据。为了确定肥胖的风险因素，通过分层多元逻辑回归计算优势比和95%置信区间。女性、出生体重超过4千克、3岁和5岁发育筛查时的“注意/转诊”备注、母亲肥胖以及中等收入是研究对象肥胖的风险因素。食欲好、牛奶摄入量高、3岁时甜食摄入量高、进食速度快、用餐和吃零食时间不规律、单次用餐量多、油腻和咸食摄入量高以及5岁时不进行体育锻炼也被视为显著的风险因素。为了尽早开展预防儿童肥胖的干预工作，本研究中确定的可改变行为因素及其他肥胖风险因素可用于针对高危儿童和饮食行为。
