Clothing and Textile Sciences, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2012 May;112(5):1783-95. doi: 10.1007/s00421-011-2146-2. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
Sporting compression garments (CG) are used widely during exercise despite little evidence of benefits. The purpose of this study was to investigate coverage and pressure effects of full-body CG on cardiovascular and thermoregulatory function at rest and during prolonged exercise, and on exercise performance. Twelve recreationally trained male cyclists [mean (SD) age, 26 (7) years; VO(2 max), 53 (8) mL kg(-1) min(-1)] completed three sessions (counterbalanced order), wearing either correctly-sized CG (CSG; 11-15 mmHg), over-sized CG (OSG; 8-13 mmHg), or gym shorts (CONT). Test sessions were conducted in temperate conditions [24 (1)°C, 60 (4)% relative humidity; 2 m s(-1) air velocity during exercise], consisting of resting on a chair then on a cycle ergometer, before 60-min fixed-load cycling at ~65% VO(2 max) and a 6-km time trial. Wearing CG (CSG or OSG) did not mitigate cardiovascular strain during mild orthostatic stress at rest (p = 0.20-0.93 for garment effects). During exercise, cardiac output was ~5% higher in the CG conditions (p < 0.05), which appears to be accounted for via non-significant higher end-exercise heart rate (4-7%, p = 0.30; p = 0.06 for greater heart rate drift in CSG); other cardiovascular variables, including stroke volume, were similar among conditions (p = 0.23-0.91). Covered-skin temperature was higher in CG conditions (p < 0.001) but core (oesophageal) temperature was not (p = 0.79). Time-trial performance (mean power, time taken) was similar with or without CG (p = 0.24-0.44). In conclusion, any demonstrable physiological or psychophysical effects of full-body CG were mild and seemingly reflective more of surface coverage than pressure. No benefit was evident for exercise performance.
运动压缩服装（CG）在运动中广泛使用，尽管几乎没有证据表明它们有益。本研究旨在调查全身 CG 在休息和长时间运动时对心血管和体温调节功能的覆盖范围和压力影响，以及对运动表现的影响。12 名有经验的男性自行车运动员[平均（标准差）年龄，26（7）岁；VO2max，53（8）毫升千克-1 分钟-1]完成了三个测试阶段（平衡顺序），穿着合适尺寸的 CG（CSG；11-15mmHg）、过大尺寸的 CG（OSG；8-13mmHg）或运动短裤（CONT）。测试阶段在温带条件下进行[24（1）°C，60（4）%相对湿度；运动时空气速度约为 2m/s]，包括在椅子上和自行车测力计上休息，然后进行 60 分钟固定负荷自行车运动，约 65%VO2max 和 6 公里计时赛。穿着 CG（CSG 或 OSG）并不能减轻休息时轻度直立应激时的心血管紧张（服装效应的 p 值为 0.20-0.93）。在运动期间，CG 条件下的心输出量约高 5%（p<0.05），这似乎是由于末期心率升高（约 4-7%，p=0.30；CSG 中更大的心率漂移 p=0.06）所致；其他心血管变量，包括每搏输出量，在不同条件下相似（p=0.23-0.91）。CG 条件下的覆盖皮肤温度较高（p<0.001），但核心（食管）温度无差异（p=0.79）。有或没有 CG 的计时赛表现（平均功率，用时）相似（p=0.24-0.44）。总之，全身 CG 的任何明显的生理或心理生理影响都很轻微，似乎更多地反映了表面覆盖范围而不是压力。对运动表现没有好处。
