芬兰近视患病率的增加。

The increased prevalence of myopia in Finland.

机构信息

Ophthalmic Department, Central Hospital of Central Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland.

出版信息

Acta Ophthalmol. 2012 Sep;90(6):497-502. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02210.x. Epub 2011 Sep 8.

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02210.x

PMID:21902818

Abstract

PURPOSE

To study change in the prevalence of myopia in Finland during the 20th century.

METHODS

A review of the literature on the prevalence of myopia in Finland.

RESULTS

During the 20th century, the prevalence of myopia among 7- to 8-year-old schoolchildren did not increase in Finland and varied between 0.5% and 1.9%. Among 14- to 15-year-old school children, myopia doubled to about 21%. Among adults born during the first three decades of the 20th century, the prevalence of myopia was <10%, whereas among those born during the second half of the 20th century, the prevalence rose to 21-30%. The change in mean refraction was towards myopia.

CONCLUSIONS

During the course of the 20th century, myopia among teenagers and adults in Finland significantly increased and the mean change in refraction was towards myopia. Increased education is proposed as the main reason behind these changes.

摘要

目的

研究 20 世纪芬兰近视患病率的变化。

方法

对芬兰近视患病率的文献进行综述。

结果

20 世纪期间，芬兰 7 至 8 岁学童的近视患病率没有增加，介于 0.5%至 1.9%之间。14 至 15 岁的学童中，近视患病率增加了一倍，达到约 21%。20 世纪前 30 年出生的成年人中，近视患病率<10%，而 20 世纪后半叶出生的成年人中，患病率上升到 21-30%。平均屈光度的变化趋势是近视。