Krause U H, Rantakallio P T, Koiranen M J, Möttönen J K
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oulu, Finland.
Arctic Med Res. 1993 Oct;52(4):161-5.
As a part of a longitudinal birth cohort study, refraction was measured at the age of 20 years in 236 persons known to have had myopia at the age of 14 years and 266 controls (2982 refractions). The earlier the myopia had started, the more myopic the eyes were at the age of 20 years. The greatest mean refraction values, -4.94 D for males and -6.62 D for females were found when the change to myopia had started before the age of 10. The mean progression of myopia (the mean progression curves were achieved by calculating the mean refraction values at different ages) seems to continue at least to the age of 20. A female child with a myopic mother is more likely to develop myopia than a female child with a non-myopic mother and the same relation holds good between a male child and his father. The myopic refractive error seems to be greater in the children than in their parents.
作为一项纵向出生队列研究的一部分，对236名已知在14岁时患有近视的人和266名对照者（共2982次验光）在20岁时进行了验光测量。近视开始得越早，20岁时眼睛的近视程度就越高。当近视在10岁之前开始时，男性的最大平均屈光度为-4.94 D，女性为-6.62 D。近视的平均进展（平均进展曲线通过计算不同年龄的平均屈光度值得出）似乎至少持续到20岁。母亲近视的女童比母亲不近视的女童更易患近视，男童与其父亲之间也存在同样的关系。儿童的近视屈光不正似乎比其父母的更大。
