Pols D H J, Wartna J B, Moed H, van Alphen E I, Bohnen A M, Bindels P J E
a Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC , University Medical Center Rotterdam , The Netherlands.
Scand J Prim Health Care. 2016 Jun;34(2):143-50. doi: 10.3109/02813432.2016.1160629. Epub 2016 Mar 24.
To examine whether significant differences exist between the self-reported prevalence of atopic disorders in the open population compared with physician diagnosed prevalence of atopic disorders in general practice.
Medline (OvidSP), PubMed Publisher, EMBASE, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register databases were systematically reviewed for articles providing data on the prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in a GP setting. Studies were only included when they had a cross-sectional or cohort design and included more than 100 children (aged 0-18 years) in a general practice setting. All ISAAC studies (i.e. the open population) that geographically matched a study selected from the first search, were also included. A quality assessment was conducted. The primary outcome measures were prevalence of eczema, asthma and allergic rhinitis in children aged 0-18 years.
The overall quality of the included studies was good. The annual and lifetime prevalences of the atopic disorders varied greatly in both general practice and the open population. On average, the prevalence of atopic disorders was higher in the open population.
There are significant differences between the self-reported prevalence of atopic disorders in the open population compared with physician diagnosed prevalence of atopic disorders in general practice. Data obtained in the open population cannot simply be extrapolated to the general practice setting. This should be taken into account when considering a research topic or requirements for policy development. GPs should be aware of the possible misclassification of allergic disorders in their practice. Key Points Epidemiological data on atopic disorders in children can be obtained from various sources, each having its own advantages and limitations. On average, the prevalence of atopic disorders is higher in the open population. GPs should take into account the possible misclassification of atopic disorders in their practice population. Policymakers should be aware that data obtained in the open population cannot simply be extrapolated to the general practice setting.
探讨在普通人群中自我报告的特应性疾病患病率与全科医疗中医生诊断的特应性疾病患病率之间是否存在显著差异。
系统检索Medline（OvidSP）、PubMed出版商、EMBASE、谷歌学术和Cochrane对照临床试验注册数据库，查找提供全科医疗环境中哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹患病率数据的文章。仅纳入具有横断面或队列设计且在全科医疗环境中纳入超过100名儿童（0 - 18岁）的研究。所有与首次检索中选出的研究在地理上匹配的国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）研究（即普通人群研究）也被纳入。进行了质量评估。主要结局指标为0 - 18岁儿童湿疹、哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的患病率。
纳入研究的总体质量良好。在全科医疗和普通人群中，特应性疾病的年患病率和终生患病率差异很大。平均而言，普通人群中特应性疾病的患病率更高。
在普通人群中自我报告的特应性疾病患病率与全科医疗中医生诊断的特应性疾病患病率之间存在显著差异。在普通人群中获得的数据不能简单地外推至全科医疗环境。在考虑研究课题或政策制定要求时应予以考虑。全科医生应意识到其诊疗中过敏性疾病可能存在的错误分类。要点儿童特应性疾病的流行病学数据可从多种来源获得，每种来源都有其自身的优缺点。平均而言，普通人群中特应性疾病的患病率更高。全科医生应考虑其诊疗人群中特应性疾病可能存在的错误分类。政策制定者应意识到在普通人群中获得的数据不能简单地外推至全科医疗环境。
