Rudarli Nalçakan G, Nalçakan M, Var A, Taneli F, Ulman C, Güvenç Y, Onur E, Karamizrak O
Department of Coaching Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Ege University, Izmir, Türkiye.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2011 Sep;51(3):533-9.
Intense physical activity is known to induce oxidative stress. Though regular physical training enhances the antioxidant defence system, the effects of diminished training periods are unclear. American football is one of the recently popular sports in Türkiye and is defined as a mixed activity. The aim of the research was to examine some markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant status in occasionally competitive American football players following a match, and relations with aerobic power and playing position.
Twenty two male players volunteered for the study. To determine oxidative stress and antioxidant status from blood samples collected before and immediately following a match, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and total antioxidant status (TAS) were assessed, using spectrophotometric methods. Wilcoxon's signed rank test was used to determine the match effect, and Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare playing position and VO2max effects.
Plasma MDA (P<0.001) and NO (P<0.05) levels increased significantly following the match. Antioxidant parameters were unchanged following the match when compared with the resting level, except for a VO2max related effect (P<0.05) on TAS.
Collected data revealed that an American football match caused excessive production of free radicals and oxidative stress. The training loads players underwent were not high enough to cause positive effects on the antioxidant status. To enhance training-induced antioxidant status adaptation, higher amounts of physical activity may be required.
剧烈体育活动会引发氧化应激。尽管定期体育训练可增强抗氧化防御系统，但训练期缩短的影响尚不清楚。美式橄榄球是土耳其近期流行的运动之一，被定义为一种混合活动。本研究旨在检测偶尔参加比赛的美式橄榄球运动员赛后氧化应激和抗氧化状态的一些标志物，以及与有氧能力和比赛位置的关系。
22名男性运动员自愿参与本研究。为了从比赛前和赛后立即采集的血样中测定氧化应激和抗氧化状态，采用分光光度法评估血浆丙二醛（MDA）和一氧化氮（NO）水平、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性以及总抗氧化状态（TAS）。采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验确定比赛效应，采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较比赛位置和最大摄氧量（VO2max）效应。
赛后血浆MDA（P<0.001）和NO（P<0.05）水平显著升高。与静息水平相比，赛后抗氧化参数未发生变化，但TAS存在与VO2max相关的效应（P<0.05）。
收集的数据表明，美式橄榄球比赛会导致自由基过度产生和氧化应激。运动员所承受的训练负荷不足以对抗氧化状态产生积极影响。为了增强训练诱导的抗氧化状态适应性，可能需要更高强度的体育活动。
