Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Biomaterials, Institute for Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenPrivate Practice, Palermo, Italy.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2011 Oct;22(10):1200-1212. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02096.x.
To investigate the long-term clinical and radiographic results of the maxillary sinus membrane elevation technique where implants were inserted in a void space created by the elevation of the sinus membrane without adding any graft material.
A total of 84 patients were subjected to 96 membrane elevation procedures and simultaneous placement of 239 implants. Changes of intra-sinus and marginal bone height in relation to the implants were measured in intraoral radiographs taken at insertion, after 6 months of healing, after 6 months of loading and then annually. Computerized tomography was performed pre-surgically and 6 months post-surgically. Resonance Frequency Analyses measurements were performed at the time of implants placement, at abutment connection and after 6 months of loading. The implant follow-up period ranged from a minimum of one to a maximum of 6 years after implants loading.
All implants were stable after 6 months of healing. A total of three implants were lost during the follow-up period giving a survival rate of 98.7%. Radiography demonstrated on average 5.3±2.1 mm of intra-sinus new bone formation after 6 months of healing. RFA measurements showed adequate primary stability (implant stability quotient 67.4±6.1) and small changes over time.
Maxillary sinus membrane elevation and simultaneous placement of implants without the use of bone grafts or bone substitutes result in predictable bone formation with a high implant survival rate of 98.7% during a follow-up period of up to 6 years. The intra-sinus bone formation remained stable in the long-term follow-up. It is suggested that the secluded compartment allowed for bone formation according to the principle of guided tissue regeneration. The high implant survival rate of 98.7% indicated that the implants sufficiently supported the fixed bridges throughout the study period. This technique reduces the risks for morbidity related to harvesting of bone grafts and eliminates the costs of grafting materials.
研究在上颌窦膜提升技术中，在不添加任何移植物材料的情况下，通过提升窦膜来创建一个空洞空间，然后将种植体植入其中，从而获得长期的临床和影像学效果。
共有 84 名患者接受了 96 次窦膜提升手术和 239 个种植体的同期植入。通过在植入时、愈合后 6 个月、负荷后 6 个月以及每年进行的口腔内射线照相，测量与种植体相关的窦内和边缘骨高度的变化。术前和术后 6 个月进行计算机断层扫描。在种植体植入时、连接基台时和负荷后 6 个月进行共振频率分析测量。种植体随访时间从植入后最短 1 年到最长 6 年不等。
所有种植体在愈合后 6 个月均稳定。在随访期间，共有 3 个种植体丢失，存活率为 98.7%。放射学显示，愈合后 6 个月平均有 5.3±2.1mm 的窦内新骨形成。RFA 测量显示具有足够的初始稳定性（种植体稳定性指数 67.4±6.1），并且随时间变化很小。
在上颌窦膜提升和同期植入种植体时不使用骨移植或骨替代物，可以预测骨形成，在长达 6 年的随访期间，种植体的存活率高达 98.7%。在长期随访中，窦内骨形成保持稳定。这表明，根据引导组织再生的原理，封闭的空间允许骨形成。98.7%的高种植体存活率表明，在整个研究期间，种植体足以支撑固定桥。该技术降低了与采集骨移植物相关的发病率风险，并消除了移植物材料的成本。
