School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469-5735, USA.
Curr Genet. 2011 Dec;57(6):391-408. doi: 10.1007/s00294-011-0353-3. Epub 2011 Sep 11.
Rhizoctonia solani, teleomorph Thanatephorus cucumeris, is a polyphagous necrotrophic plant pathogen of the Basidiomycete order that is split into 14 different anastomosis groups (AGs) based on hyphal interactions and host range. In this investigation, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) techniques were used to determine potential pathogenicity factors of R. solani in the AG1-IA/rice and AG3/potato pathosystems. These factors were identified by mining for sequences of pathogen origin in a library of rice tissue infected with R. solani AG1-IA and comparing these sequences against the recently released R. solani AG3 genome. Ten genes common to both AGs and two specific to AG1-IA were selected for expression analysis by qRT-PCR. Results indicate that a number of genes are similarly expressed by AG1 and AG3 during the early stages of pathogenesis. Grouping of these pathogenicity factors based on relatedness of expression profiles suggests three key events are involved in R. solani pathogenesis: early host contact and infiltration, adjustment to the host environment, and pathogen proliferation through necrotic tissue. Further studies of the pathogenesis-associated genes identified in this project will enable more precise elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that allow for the widespread success of R. solani as a phytopathogen and allow for more targeted, effective methods of management.
立枯丝核菌,其有性态为瓜果腐霉,是一种广泛寄生的植物病原物,属于担子菌门,基于菌丝相互作用和宿主范围可分为 14 个不同的吻合群(AG)。在本研究中,使用定量实时 PCR(qRT-PCR)技术来确定 AG1-IA/水稻和 AG3/马铃薯两种致病体系中,立枯丝核菌的潜在致病性因子。通过对感染立枯丝核菌 AG1-IA 的水稻组织文库中的病原体来源序列进行挖掘,并将这些序列与最近发布的立枯丝核菌 AG3 基因组进行比较,从而确定这些因子。选择了 10 个在两个 AG 中共同存在和 2 个在 AG1-IA 中特异存在的基因,通过 qRT-PCR 进行表达分析。结果表明,在发病早期,AG1 和 AG3 中有许多基因的表达相似。根据表达谱的相关性对这些致病性因子进行分组表明,立枯丝核菌的致病过程涉及三个关键事件:早期与宿主接触和渗透、适应宿主环境以及通过坏死组织进行病原体增殖。进一步研究本项目中鉴定的与发病相关的基因,将能够更精确地阐明使立枯丝核菌作为植物病原菌广泛成功的分子机制,并允许采用更有针对性、更有效的管理方法。