Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2011 Nov;20(11):1677-85. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2010.2509. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
In the United States, about two thirds of women of reproductive age are overweight or obese. Postpartum is a transitional period. Life changes during this time can put mothers under high levels of stress when interpersonal support is inadequate. This study sought to explore predictors of unmet social support (support inadequacy) for healthy behaviors among postpartum women who were overweight or obese before pregnancy.
Potential predictors of unmet social support for healthy behaviors were derived from baseline and 6-month postpartum data from the Active Mothers Postpartum (AMP) study. The Postpartum Support Questionnaire queried three dimensions of social support: (1) informational support, (2) emotional support, and (3) instrumental support. The main outcome, the overall Unmet Social Support Score (USSS), was the sum of the differences between the perceived need of support and perceived receipt of support in all three dimensions. Subscores were defined for each of the three support dimensions.
One hundred ninety women completed the 6-month Postpartum Support Questionnaire. Depression (p=0.018), unmarried status (p=0.049), and postpartum weight gain (p=0.003) were crude predictors for the overall USSS. After controlling for covariates, depression (p=0.009) and living with a spouse (p=0.040) were significant predictors for overall USSS. In adjusted analysis, depression remained a significant predictor for unmet emotional (p=0.035) and instrumental (p=0.001) social support.
Certain psychosocial factors predict support inadequacy expectations among postpartum women. Targeting the factors related to unmet social support may be a helpful way to promote healthy behaviors among overweight postpartum women.
在美国，约三分之二的育龄妇女超重或肥胖。产后是一个过渡期。在此期间，如果人际关系支持不足，生活的变化会给母亲带来高度的压力。本研究旨在探讨超重或肥胖的产后妇女在人际关系支持不足的情况下，健康行为的未满足社会支持（支持不足）的预测因素。
从积极母亲产后（AMP）研究的基线和 6 个月产后数据中得出健康行为未满足社会支持的潜在预测因素。产后支持问卷询问了社会支持的三个维度：（1）信息支持，（2）情感支持和（3）工具支持。主要结果是总体未满足社会支持评分（USSS），这是三个维度中感知支持需求与感知支持接受之间差异的总和。为每个支持维度定义了子分数。
190 名女性完成了 6 个月的产后支持问卷。抑郁（p=0.018）、未婚状态（p=0.049）和产后体重增加（p=0.003）是总体 USSS 的粗预测因素。在控制了协变量后，抑郁（p=0.009）和与配偶同住（p=0.040）是总体 USSS 的显著预测因素。在调整后的分析中，抑郁仍然是未满足情感（p=0.035）和工具（p=0.001）社会支持的显著预测因素。
某些社会心理因素预测了产后妇女对支持不足的期望。针对与未满足社会支持相关的因素可能是促进超重产后妇女健康行为的一种有效方法。
