肯尼亚沿海夸莱区农村成人可能成为 NTD 感染的潜在储主：对预防性化疗干预政策的影响。
Adult population as potential reservoir of NTD infections in rural villages of Kwale district, Coastal Kenya: implications for preventive chemotherapy interventions policy.
机构信息
Eastern and Southern Africa Centre of International Parasite Control, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Mbagathi Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2011 Sep 14;4:175. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-175.
BACKGROUND
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are major public health problems in developing countries where they contribute to suffering of populations living in poor settings. As part of a research project started in September 2009 in Kwale district, Coast Region, Kenya, a baseline cross-sectional survey was conducted in 5 rural villages to provide information on the status of NTDs, including urinary schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), and lymphatic filariasis. This paper presents the results of a parasitological investigation among adults in the study villages.
METHODS
A total of 599 adults in the 5 study villages were tested for NTD infections in urine, stool and blood. The presence of Schistosoma haematobium infection was determined by the urine filtration method. The presence of STH in stool was determined by Kato-Katz method while filarial antigenaemia was determined using immunochromatographic (ICT) test.
RESULTS
The study revealed high prevalence of hookworm (41.7%) and schistosomiasis (18.2%) infections among adults in the study villages. Of the 599 individuals examined, 50.1% had one or more helminthic infections. There was low level of polyparasitism with helminthic NTDs in the study population with 9.5% and 1.7% of the participants having two and three infections, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
In the current study, hookworm and schistosomiasis infections were identified as important infections among adults living in areas of high endemicity for these infections. Thus, if this section of the population is left untreated it may remain an important potential reservoir and a source of re-infection for school-age children treated in school deworming programmes. Therefore, there is a need to design novel strategies for preventive chemotherapy interventions that could allow inclusion of adults in an effort to reduce force of infection in high endemic communities.
背景
被忽视的热带病（NTDs）是发展中国家的主要公共卫生问题，它们导致生活在贫困环境中的人群遭受痛苦。作为 2009 年 9 月在肯尼亚滨海省夸莱区启动的一个研究项目的一部分，在 5 个农村村庄进行了基线横断面调查，以提供关于 NTD 状况的信息，包括尿路血吸虫病、土壤传播性蠕虫病（STH）和淋巴丝虫病。本文介绍了在研究村庄进行的成人寄生虫学调查结果。
方法
在 5 个研究村庄中，共有 599 名成年人接受了尿液、粪便和血液的 NTD 感染检测。通过尿过滤法确定是否存在曼氏血吸虫感染。通过加藤厚涂片法确定 STH 在粪便中的存在，而丝虫抗原血症则使用免疫层析（ICT）检测法确定。
结果
研究显示，研究村庄成人的钩虫（41.7%）和血吸虫病（18.2%）感染率很高。在 599 名受检者中，有 50.1%的人患有一种或多种寄生虫感染。在研究人群中，寄生虫性 NTD 呈低度混合感染，分别有 9.5%和 1.7%的参与者有两种和三种感染。
结论
在目前的研究中，钩虫和血吸虫病感染被确定为高流行地区成年人的重要感染。因此，如果这部分人群得不到治疗，他们可能仍然是学校驱虫计划中治疗的学龄儿童的一个重要潜在传染源和再感染源。因此，需要设计新的预防性化疗干预策略，以便将成年人纳入其中，以减少高流行社区的感染强度。
Zotero 插件