Schmidt K I, Viera J, Reith W
Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Neuroradiologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße 1, 66421, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland.
Radiologe. 2011 Sep;51(9):779-83. doi: 10.1007/s00117-011-2147-5.
Degenerative alterations of the spine are among the most common causes of complaints of the musculoskeletal system. Imaging procedures are an established component of diagnostics and differential diagnoses. A reduction in height of the intervertebral space and sclerotization of the basal and covering plates are part of the first radiological alterations and in the further course can be accompanied by formation of spondylophytes, arthrosis of the intervertebral joints and degenerative vertebral surface gliding. However, early changes of the mobile segments can often not be visualized in x-ray images. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) substantially improve the diagnostic options. Using MRI the spinal column and the surrounding soft tissues can be visualized in 3-D and a differential diagnostic differentiation between inflammatory, traumatized or neoplastic processes is possible. A lack of correlation between the imaging findings and clinical symptoms remains problematic. A meaningful interpretation of x-ray images and MRI can only be made with the appropriate knowledge of the symptoms and possible diseases.
脊柱退行性改变是肌肉骨骼系统疾病最常见的病因之一。影像学检查是诊断和鉴别诊断的既定组成部分。椎间隙高度降低以及椎体基底和覆盖板的硬化是最初的影像学改变的一部分，在病程进一步发展时可伴有骨赘形成、椎间关节骨关节炎和退行性椎体表面滑动。然而，活动节段的早期变化在X线图像中往往无法显示。计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI）大大改善了诊断选择。使用MRI可以三维显示脊柱及其周围软组织，并且可以对炎症、创伤或肿瘤性病变进行鉴别诊断。影像学检查结果与临床症状之间缺乏相关性仍然是个问题。只有具备对症状和可能疾病的适当了解，才能对X线图像和MRI进行有意义的解读。
