Animal and Natural Resources Institute, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2011;6(9):e24417. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024417. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
Infections in cattle by the abomasal nematode Ostertagia ostertagi result in impaired gastrointestinal function. Six partially immune animals were developed using multiple drug-attenuated infections, and these animals displayed reduced worm burdens and a slightly elevated abomasal pH upon reinfection. In this study, we characterized the abomasal microbiota in response to reinfection using metagenomic tools. Compared to uninfected controls, infection did not induce a significant change in the microbial community composition in immune animals. 16S rRNA gene-based phylogenetic analysis identified 15 phyla in the bovine abomasal microbiota with Bacteroidetes (60.5%), Firmicutes (27.1%), Proteobacteria (7.2%), Spirochates (2.9%), and Fibrobacteres (1.5%) being the most predominant. The number of prokaryotic genera and operational taxonomic units (OTU) identified in the abomasal microbial community was 70.8±19.8 (mean ± SD) and 90.3±2.9, respectively. However, the core microbiome comprised of 32 genera and 72 OTU. Infection seemingly had a minimal impact on the abomasal microbial diversity at a genus level in immune animals. Proteins predicted from whole genome shotgun (WGS) DNA sequences were assigned to 5,408 Pfam and 3,381 COG families, demonstrating dazzling arrays of functional diversity in bovine abomasal microbial communities. However, none of COG functional classes were significantly impacted by infection. Our results demonstrate that immune animals may develop abilities to maintain proper stability of their abomasal microbial ecosystem. A minimal disruption in the bovine abomasal microbiota by reinfection may contribute equally to the restoration of gastric function in immune animals.
奶牛的奥斯特泰勒线虫感染会导致胃肠道功能受损。通过多次药物减毒感染，开发了 6 头部分免疫动物，这些动物在再次感染时显示出蠕虫负担减少和略微升高的胃 pH 值。在这项研究中，我们使用宏基因组工具来描述再感染时的胃微生物群。与未感染对照相比，感染不会引起免疫动物微生物群落组成发生显著变化。16S rRNA 基因基于系统发育的分析鉴定出牛胃微生物群中有 15 个门，其中拟杆菌门（60.5%）、厚壁菌门（27.1%）、变形菌门（7.2%）、螺旋体门（2.9%）和纤维杆菌门（1.5%）是最主要的。在胃微生物群落中鉴定出的原核生物属和操作分类单位（OTU）的数量分别为 70.8±19.8（平均值±标准差）和 90.3±2.9。然而，核心微生物组由 32 个属和 72 个 OTU 组成。感染似乎对免疫动物胃微生物多样性在属水平上的影响最小。从全基因组鸟枪法（WGS）DNA 序列预测的蛋白质被分配到 5408 个 Pfam 和 3381 个 COG 家族，这表明牛胃微生物群落具有令人眼花缭乱的功能多样性。然而，感染并没有显著影响 COG 功能类。我们的结果表明，免疫动物可能会发展出维持胃微生物生态系统适当稳定的能力。再感染对牛胃微生物群的轻微破坏可能同样有助于免疫动物胃功能的恢复。
