Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Bioessays. 2011 Oct;33(10):737-41. doi: 10.1002/bies.201100076.
The demonstration that dendritic cell (DC)-derived exosomes can be exploited for targeted RNAi delivery to the brain after systemic injection provides the first proof-of-concept for the potential of these naturally occurring vesicles as vehicles of drug delivery. As well as being amenable to existing in vivo targeting strategies already in use for viruses and liposomes, this novel approach offers the added advantages of in vivo safety and low immunogenicity. Fulfilment of the potential of exosome delivery methods warrants a better understanding of their biology, as well as the development of novel production, characterisation, targeting and cargo-loading nanotechnologies. Ultimately, exosome-mediated drug delivery promises to overcome important challenges in the field of therapeutics, such as delivery of drugs across otherwise impermeable biological barriers, such as the blood brain barrier, and using patient-derived tissue as a source of individualised and biocompatible therapeutic drug delivery vehicles.
树突状细胞 (DC) 衍生的外泌体可通过系统注射用于靶向 RNAi 递送至大脑，这一证明为这些天然囊泡作为药物递送载体的潜力提供了首个概念验证。除了可适用于已经用于病毒和脂质体的现有体内靶向策略外，这种新方法还具有体内安全性和低免疫原性的额外优势。要充分发挥外泌体递送方法的潜力，就需要更好地了解其生物学特性，以及开发新型生产、表征、靶向和载药纳米技术。最终，外泌体介导的药物递送有望克服治疗学领域的重要挑战，例如递送到其他不可渗透的生物屏障（如血脑屏障）中的药物，以及使用患者来源的组织作为个体化和生物相容的治疗性药物递送载体的来源。
