Williams Anastasia, Branscome Heather, Kashanchi Fatah, Batrakova Elena V
Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Discovery Hall Room 248, 10900 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
Cells. 2025 Apr 4;14(7):548. doi: 10.3390/cells14070548.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been explored as promising vehicles for drug delivery. One of the most valuable features of EVs is their ability to cross physiological barriers, particularly the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This significantly enhances the development of EV-based drug delivery systems for the treatment of CNS disorders. The present review focuses on the factors and techniques that contribute to the successful delivery of EV-based therapeutics to the brain. Here, we discuss the major methods of brain targeting which includes the utilization of different administration routes, capitalizing on the biological origins of EVs, and the modification of EVs through the addition of specific ligands on to the surface of EVs. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in large-scale EV production and drug loading while highlighting future perspectives regarding the application of EV-based therapeutics for brain delivery.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）已被探索作为有前景的药物递送载体。EVs最有价值的特性之一是它们穿越生理屏障的能力，尤其是血脑屏障（BBB）。这显著促进了基于EVs的药物递送系统用于治疗中枢神经系统疾病的发展。本综述聚焦于有助于基于EVs的治疗剂成功递送至大脑的因素和技术。在此，我们讨论大脑靶向的主要方法，包括利用不同给药途径、利用EVs的生物学来源以及通过在EVs表面添加特定配体对其进行修饰。最后，我们讨论大规模生产EVs和药物装载方面的当前挑战，同时强调基于EVs的治疗剂用于脑递送的未来前景。
