Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Curr Pharm Des. 2011 Dec;17(35):3898-904. doi: 10.2174/138161211798357728.
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play complex roles in the physiological regulation of cell metabolism and in many disease processes as well, including viral infections. Viral replication occurs within living cells and is totally dependent on its host's biosynthetic machinery. Many intracellular signaling pathways exploited by viruses for their own replication are regulated by the oxidoreductive (redox) state of the host cell. Consequently, factors that alter the balance between reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and antioxidant molecules/enzymes-including metabolic conditions like malnutrition, obesity, and diabetes-can influence cells' susceptibility to viral infection, the efficiency of viral replication, and as a result the progression and severity of virus-induced diseases. This review examines the ways in which the host-cell redox state affect viral replication and the actual potential of antioxidants to combat viral infections.
活性氧和氮物种在细胞代谢的生理调节中以及许多疾病过程中（包括病毒感染）发挥着复杂的作用。病毒复制发生在活细胞内，完全依赖于宿主的生物合成机制。病毒用于自身复制的许多细胞内信号通路受宿主细胞的氧化还原（redox）状态调节。因此，改变活性氧/氮物种与抗氧化分子/酶之间平衡的因素——包括营养不良、肥胖和糖尿病等代谢状况——会影响细胞对病毒感染的易感性、病毒复制的效率，进而影响病毒引起的疾病的进展和严重程度。这篇综述探讨了宿主细胞氧化还原状态影响病毒复制的方式以及抗氧化剂对抗病毒感染的实际潜力。
