Dept. of Health and Kinesiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
J Phys Act Health. 2011 Nov;8(8):1160-74. doi: 10.1123/jpah.8.8.1160. Epub 2011 Jun 17.
To provide a synthesis of research on trails and physical activity from the public health, leisure sciences, urban planning, and transportation literatures.
A search of databases was conducted to identify studies published between 1980 and 2008.
52 studies were identified. The majority were cross-sectional (92%) and published after 1999 (77%). The evidence for the effects of trails on physical activity was mixed among 3 intervention and 5 correlational studies. Correlates of trail use were examined in 13 studies. Several demographic (eg, race, education, income) and environmental factors (eg, land-use mix and distance to trail) were related to trail use. Evidence from 31 descriptive studies identified several facilitators and barriers to trail use. Economic studies (n = 5) examining trails in terms of health or recreational outcomes found trails are cost-effective and produce significant economic benefits.
There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating important factors that should be considered in promoting trail use, yet the evidence for positive effects of trails on physical activity is limited. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of trails on physical activity. In addition, trail studies that include children and youth, older adults, and racial and ethnic minorities are a research priority.
综合公共卫生、休闲科学、城市规划和交通文献中关于试验和身体活动的研究。
对数据库进行了搜索，以确定 1980 年至 2008 年期间发表的研究。
确定了 52 项研究。大多数是横断面研究（92%），并且发表于 1999 年以后（77%）。3 项干预研究和 5 项相关研究对步道对身体活动的影响的证据存在差异。13 项研究检测了步道使用的相关性。一些人口统计学因素（例如，种族、教育、收入）和环境因素（例如，土地利用混合和步道距离）与步道使用有关。31 项描述性研究的证据确定了步道使用的一些促进因素和障碍。5 项经济研究（n = 5）根据健康或娱乐结果评估步道，发现步道具有成本效益，并产生显著的经济效益。
越来越多的证据表明，在促进步道使用时应考虑一些重要因素，但步道对身体活动的积极影响的证据有限。需要进一步研究来评估步道对身体活动的影响。此外，包括儿童和青少年、老年人以及种族和少数民族的步道研究是研究重点。
