Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Distrito de Rubião Junior s/n., Botucatu, São Paulo 18618-970, Brazil.
Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2012 Apr;285(4):1013-8. doi: 10.1007/s00404-011-2085-5. Epub 2011 Sep 22.
This study aimed to determine the frequency of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection among high risk Brazilian women and evaluate its association with vaginal flora patterns.
This was a cross-sectional study, performed in an outpatient clinic of Bauru State Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 142 women were included from 2006 to 2008. Inclusion criteria was dyspareunia, pain during bimanual exam, presence of excessive cervical mucus, cervical ectopy or with three or more episodes of abnormal vaginal flora (AVF) in the previous year before enrollment. Endocervical CT testing was performed by PCR. Vaginal swabs were collected for microscopic assessment of the microbial flora pattern. Gram-stained smears were classified in normal, intermediate or bacterial vaginosis (BV), and recognition of Candida sp. morphotypes. Wet mount smears were used for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and aerobic vaginitis (AV).
Thirty-four of 142 women (23.9%) tested positive for CT. AVF was found in 50 (35.2%) cases. The most frequent type of AVF was BV (17.6%). CT was strongly associated with the presence of AV (n = 7, 4.9%, P = 0.018), but not BV (n = 25, 17.6%, P = 0.80) or intermediate flora (n = 18, 12.7%, P = 0.28).
A high rate of chlamydial infection was found in this population. Chlamydia infection is associated with aerobic vaginitis.
本研究旨在确定高危巴西女性人群中沙眼衣原体（CT）感染的频率，并评估其与阴道菌群模式的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，于 2006 年至 2008 年在巴西包鲁州立医院的一个门诊进行。共纳入 142 名女性。纳入标准为性交困难、双合诊时疼痛、宫颈黏液过多、宫颈异位或在入组前一年有三次或更多次异常阴道菌群（AVF）发作。采用 PCR 检测宫颈 CT。采集阴道拭子进行微生物菌群模式的显微镜评估。革兰氏染色涂片分类为正常、中间型或细菌性阴道病（BV），并识别假丝酵母菌形态。湿片用于检测阴道毛滴虫和需氧性阴道炎（AV）。
142 名女性中有 34 名（23.9%）CT 检测阳性。50 例（35.2%）存在 AVF。最常见的 AVF 类型为 BV（17.6%）。CT 与 AV 的存在呈强相关（n = 7，4.9%，P = 0.018），但与 BV（n = 25，17.6%，P = 0.80）或中间菌群（n = 18，12.7%，P = 0.28）无关。
该人群中发现了很高的衣原体感染率。衣原体感染与需氧性阴道炎有关。
