Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, 48859, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2011 Sep;35(9):659-69. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2011.05.004. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
This study compared two methods for questioning children about suspected abuse: standard interviewing and body-diagram-focused (BDF) interviewing, a style of interviewing in which interviewers draw on a flip board and introduce the topic of touching with a body diagram.
Children (N=261) 4-9 years of age individually participated in science demonstrations during which half the children were touched two times. Months later, parents read stories to their children that described accurate and inaccurate information about the demonstrations. The stories for untouched children also contained inaccurate descriptions of touching. The children completed standard or BDF interviews, followed by source-monitoring questions.
Interview format did not significantly influence (a) children's performance during early interview phases, (b) the amount of contextual information children provided about the science experience, or (c) memory source monitoring. The BDF protocol had beneficial and detrimental effects on touch reports: More children in the BDF condition reported experienced touching, but at the expense of an increased number of suggested and spontaneous false reports.
The two props that are characteristic of BDF interviewing have different effects on testimonial accuracy. Recording answers on a flip board during presubstantive phases does not influence the quality of information that children provide. Body diagrams, however, suggest answers to children and elicit a concerning number of false reports.
Until research identifies procedures and/or case characteristics associated with accurate reports of touching during diagram-assisted questioning, interviewers should initiate discussions about touching with open-ended questions delivered without a body diagram.
本研究比较了两种询问儿童疑似虐待问题的方法：标准访谈和身体图谱焦点访谈（BDF），这种访谈方式中，访谈者会使用翻转板，并通过身体图谱介绍触碰主题。
4-9 岁的儿童单独参与科学演示，其中一半儿童会被触碰两次。数月后，家长给孩子阅读描述演示中准确和不准确信息的故事。对于未被触碰的孩子，故事中也包含了不准确的触碰描述。孩子们完成标准或 BDF 访谈，然后回答来源监测问题。
访谈方式并未显著影响（a）儿童在早期访谈阶段的表现，（b）儿童提供有关科学体验的上下文信息的数量，或（c）记忆来源监测。BDF 方案对触摸报告有有益和有害的影响：更多的儿童在 BDF 条件下报告了经历过的触碰，但代价是增加了建议和自发的虚假报告数量。
BDF 访谈中两个特有的道具对证词准确性有不同的影响。在实质性阶段之前在翻转板上记录答案不会影响儿童提供的信息质量。然而，身体图谱会向儿童暗示答案，并引发相当数量的虚假报告。
在研究确定与使用身体图谱辅助提问时准确报告触碰相关的程序和/或案例特征之前，访谈者应使用无身体图谱的开放性问题开始讨论触碰问题。
