The Leslie and Susan Gonda (Goldschmied) Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Israel.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2012 Apr;123(4):700-10. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.07.048. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
There is a growing scientific interest in mindfulness meditation (MM), yet its underlying neurophysiological mechanism is still uncertain. We investigated whether MM affects self-referential processing, associated with default mode network (DMN), either as short (state) - or long-term (trait) effects.
Three levels of MM expertise were compared with controls (n=12 each) by electroencephalography (EEG).
DMN deactivation was identified during the transition from resting state to a time production task, as lower gamma (25-45 Hz) power over frontal and midline regions. MM practitioners exhibited a trait lower frontal gamma activity, related to narrative self-reference and DMN activity, as well as producing longer durations, these being negatively correlated with frontal gamma activity. Additionally, we found state increases in posterior gamma power, suggesting increased attention and sensory awareness. MM proficiency did not affect the results.
Gamma power over frontal midline areas reflects DMN activity. MM practitioners exhibit lower trait frontal gamma activity, as well as a state and trait increases in posterior gamma power, irrespective of practice proficiency.
First, the DMN can be studied non-invasively by EEG. Second, MM induces from the early stages of practice neuroplasticity in self-referential and attentional networks.
正念冥想（MM）越来越受到科学界的关注，但它的潜在神经生理机制仍不确定。我们研究了 MM 是否会影响与默认模式网络（DMN）相关的自我参照处理，无论是作为短期（状态）还是长期（特质）效应。
通过脑电图（EEG）比较了三个层次的 MM 专业知识与对照组（每组 12 人）。
在从静息状态过渡到时间产生任务时，发现 DMN 去激活，表现为额部和中线区域的较低伽马（25-45 Hz）功率。MM 从业者表现出特质性的额部伽马活动较低，与叙事自我参照和 DMN 活动有关，并且产生的持续时间较长，这些与额部伽马活动呈负相关。此外，我们发现后伽马功率的状态增加，表明注意力和感官意识增加。MM 熟练度对结果没有影响。
额中线区域的伽马功率反映了 DMN 活动。MM 从业者表现出较低的特质性额部伽马活动，以及后伽马功率的状态和特质性增加，无论练习熟练度如何。
首先，DMN 可以通过 EEG 进行非侵入性研究。其次，MM 从练习的早期阶段诱导自我参照和注意力网络的神经可塑性。
