4th Department of Internal Medicine and Unit of Vascular Medicine, Evangelismos State General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2011 Oct;26(5):598-606. doi: 10.1177/0884533611416821.
Previous studies demonstrated the beneficial impact of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the association between MedDiet and MetS in a representative sample of the Athenian population in the early 1980s, when MetS had not been established as an entity yet.
In a cross-sectional epidemiologic survey of cardiovascular disease (CVD), 2,074 randomly selected adults were examined: 900 men and 1,174 women (age, 46.9 ± 14.9 years). MetS was defined according to criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. A validated questionnaire concerning nutrition habits was administered, and MedDiet was assessed according to guidelines of the Division of Nutrition/Epidemiology, Athens University Medical School.
Overall, 1,023 participants (49.3%) followed MedDiet (47.3% men, 52.0% women, P = .033) with similar rates across age groups (P = .337). MetS was diagnosed in 24.0% of those following MedDiet, compared with 27.9% of those not following it (P = .041). Participants with CVD or diabetes mellitus were less likely to follow MedDiet (43% vs 50%, P = .009). Multivariate analysis revealed that MedDiet is associated with a 20% reduction in MetS (odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval = 0.65-0.98), after adjustment for age, gender, smoking, light physical activity, serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and γ-glutamyl transferase, diabetes mellitus, CVD, family history of hypertension, and/or hyperlipidemia.
Results indicate that adherence to MedDiet may attenuate the prevalence of MetS and, consequently, the increasing burden of diabetes mellitus and CVD, especially in urban populations.
先前的研究表明地中海饮食（MedDiet）对代谢综合征（MetS）有有益影响。本研究旨在回顾性调查 1980 年代早期雅典代表性人群中 MedDiet 与 MetS 之间的关联，当时 MetS 尚未被确定为一种实体。
在心血管疾病（CVD）的横断面流行病学调查中，对 2074 名随机选择的成年人进行了检查：900 名男性和 1174 名女性（年龄 46.9 ± 14.9 岁）。MetS 根据国家胆固醇教育计划-成人治疗小组 III 的标准定义。进行了关于营养习惯的验证问卷，并根据雅典大学医学院营养/流行病学系的指南评估了 MedDiet。
总体而言，有 1023 名参与者（49.3％）遵循 MedDiet（47.3％为男性，52.0％为女性，P =.033），各年龄段的比例相似（P =.337）。遵循 MedDiet 的人群中 MetS 的诊断率为 24.0％，而不遵循 MedDiet 的人群为 27.9％（P =.041）。患有 CVD 或糖尿病的参与者不太可能遵循 MedDiet（43％对 50％，P =.009）。多变量分析显示，在调整年龄、性别、吸烟、轻度体力活动、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和γ-谷氨酰转移酶水平、糖尿病、CVD、高血压家族史和/或高脂血症后，MedDiet 与 MetS 降低 20％相关（比值比= 0.80，95％置信区间= 0.65-0.98）。
结果表明，遵循 MedDiet 可能会减轻 MetS 的患病率，从而减轻糖尿病和 CVD 的负担，尤其是在城市人群中。
