Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
Biomaterials. 2011 Dec;32(36):9557-67. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.080. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
With the emergence of "super bacteria" that are resistant to antibiotics, e.g., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, novel antimicrobial therapies are needed to prevent associated hospitalizations and deaths. Bacteriophages and bacteria use cell lytic enzymes to kill host or competing bacteria, respectively, in natural environments. Taking inspiration from nature, we have employed a cell lytic enzyme, lysostaphin (Lst), with specific bactericidal activity against S. aureus, to generate anti-infective bandages. Lst was immobilized onto biocompatible fibers generated by electrospinning homogeneous solutions of cellulose, cellulose-chitosan, and cellulose-poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) from 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), room temperature ionic liquid. Electron microscopic analysis shows that these fibers have submicron-scale diameter. The fibers were chemically treated to generate aldehyde groups for the covalent immobilization of Lst. The resulting Lst-functionalized cellulose fibers were processed to obtain bandage preparations that showed activity against S. aureus in an in vitro skin model with low toxicity toward keratinocytes, suggesting good biocompatibility for these materials as antimicrobial matrices in wound healing applications.
随着对诸如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus）等抗生素耐药的“超级细菌”的出现，需要新型的抗菌疗法来预防相关的住院和死亡。噬菌体和细菌分别在自然环境中利用细胞裂解酶来杀死宿主或竞争细菌。受自然启发，我们利用对金黄色葡萄球菌具有特异性杀菌活性的细胞裂解酶溶葡萄球菌素（Lst）来制备抗感染绷带。Lst 通过静电纺丝固定在由室温离子液体 1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([EMIM][OAc])溶解的纤维素、纤维素壳聚糖和纤维素-聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）（PMMA）的均相溶液生成的生物相容性纤维上。电子显微镜分析表明，这些纤维的直径在亚微米范围内。通过化学处理纤维来生成醛基，以实现 Lst 的共价固定。将得到的固定有 Lst 的纤维素纤维进行加工，以获得在体外皮肤模型中对金黄色葡萄球菌具有活性的绷带制剂，对角质形成细胞的毒性较低，表明这些材料作为伤口愈合应用中的抗菌基质具有良好的生物相容性。
