Cognitive Science Lab, Department of Psychology, New School for Social Research, New York, New York 10011, USA.
Annu Rev Psychol. 2012;63:55-79. doi: 10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100340. Epub 2011 Sep 27.
People constantly talk about past experiences. Burgeoning psychological research has examined the role of communication in remembering by placing rememberers in conversational settings. In reviewing this work, we first discuss the benefits of collaborative remembering (transactive memory and collaborative facilitation) and its costs (collaborative inhibition, information sampling biases, and audience tuning). We next examine how conversational remembering affects subsequent memory. Here, we address influences on listeners' memory through social contagion, resistance to such influences, and then retrieval/reexposure effects on either speaker or listener, with a focus on retrieval-induced forgetting. Extending the perspective beyond single interactions, we consider work that has explored how the above effects can spread across networks of several individuals. We also explore how a speaker's motive to form a shared reality with listeners can moderate conversational effects on memory. Finally, we discuss how these various conversational effects may promote the formation of collective memories.
人们经常谈论过去的经历。蓬勃发展的心理学研究通过将记忆者置于对话环境中来检查沟通在记忆中的作用。在回顾这项工作时，我们首先讨论了协作记忆（交互记忆和协作促进）的好处及其成本（协作抑制、信息采样偏差和观众调整）。接下来，我们研究了对话记忆如何影响后续记忆。在这里，我们通过社会传染来探讨听众记忆的影响，以及对说话者或听众的抵制，重点是检索诱发遗忘。将视角扩展到单个交互之外，我们考虑了探索上述影响如何在多个个体的网络中传播的工作。我们还探讨了说话者与听众形成共同现实的动机如何调节对话对记忆的影响。最后，我们讨论了这些不同的对话效果如何促进集体记忆的形成。
