US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, US Army Corps of Engineers, Concord, Massachusetts 01742-2718, USA.
Nat Nanotechnol. 2011 Oct 2;6(12):784-7. doi: 10.1038/nnano.2011.163.
The emergence of nanotechnology has coincided with an increased recognition of the need for new approaches to understand and manage the impact of emerging technologies on the environment and human health. Important elements in these new approaches include life-cycle thinking, public participation and adaptive management of the risks associated with emerging technologies and new materials. However, there is a clear need to develop a framework for linking research on the risks associated with nanotechnology to the decision-making needs of manufacturers, regulators, consumers and other stakeholder groups. Given the very high uncertainties associated with nanomaterials and their impact on the environment and human health, research resources should be directed towards creating the knowledge that is most meaningful to these groups. Here, we present a model (based on multi-criteria decision analysis and a value of information approach) for prioritizing research strategies in a way that is responsive to the recommendations of recent reports on the management of the risk and impact of nanomaterials on the environment and human health.
纳米技术的出现恰逢人们日益认识到，需要采取新方法来理解和管理新兴技术对环境和人类健康的影响。这些新方法的重要内容包括生命周期思维、公众参与以及对与新兴技术和新材料相关风险的适应性管理。然而，显然需要制定一个框架，将与纳米技术相关风险的研究与制造商、监管机构、消费者和其他利益相关群体的决策需求联系起来。鉴于与纳米材料及其对环境和人类健康的影响相关的高度不确定性，研究资源应着眼于为这些群体创造最有意义的知识。在这里，我们提出了一个模型（基于多标准决策分析和信息价值方法），以响应最近关于纳米材料风险和影响管理的报告中的建议，对研究策略进行优先级排序。
