Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Sleep. 2011 Oct 1;34(10):1403-10. doi: 10.5665/SLEEP.1288.
Sleep problems are experienced by a large part of the population. Work characteristics are potential determinants, but limited longitudinal evidence is available to date, and reverse causation is a plausible alternative. This study examines longitudinal, bidirectional relationships between work characteristics and sleep problems.
Prospective cohort/two-wave panel.
Sweden.
3065 working men and women approximately representative of the Swedish workforce who responded to the 2006 and 2008 waves of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH).
N/A.
Bidirectional relationships between, on the one hand, workplace demands, decision authority, and support, and, on the other hand, sleep disturbances (reflecting lack of sleep continuity) and awakening problems (reflecting feelings of being insufficiently restored), were investigated by structural equation modeling. All factors were modeled as latent variables and adjusted for gender, age, marital status, education, alcohol consumption, and job change. Concerning sleep disturbances, the best fitting models were the "forward" causal model for demands and the "reverse" causal model for support. Regarding awakening problems, reciprocal models fitted the data best.
Cross-lagged analyses indicates a weak relationship between demands at Time 1 and sleep disturbances at Time 2, a "reverse" relationship from support T1 to sleep disturbances T2, and bidirectional associations between work characteristics and awakening problems. In contrast to an earlier study on demands, control, sleep quality, and fatigue, this study suggests reverse and reciprocal in addition to the commonly hypothesized causal relationships between work characteristics and sleep problems based on a 2-year time lag.
睡眠问题困扰着很大一部分人群。工作特征可能是潜在的决定因素，但迄今为止，仅有有限的纵向证据，并且反向因果关系是一种合理的替代解释。本研究检验了工作特征与睡眠问题之间的纵向、双向关系。
前瞻性队列/两波面板。
瑞典。
约 3065 名工作男性和女性，他们对瑞典健康纵向职业调查（SLOSH）的 2006 年和 2008 年波次做出了回应，基本代表了瑞典劳动力。
无。
通过结构方程模型，研究了工作场所需求、决策自主权和支持与睡眠障碍（反映睡眠连续性不足）和觉醒问题（反映恢复不足的感觉）之间的双向关系。所有因素都被建模为潜在变量，并根据性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、酒精摄入量和工作变动进行了调整。关于睡眠障碍，最佳拟合模型是需求的“前向”因果模型和支持的“反向”因果模型。关于觉醒问题，互易模型最适合数据。
交叉滞后分析表明，需求在时间 1 与睡眠障碍在时间 2 之间存在较弱的关系，支持在时间 1 与睡眠障碍在时间 2 之间存在“反向”关系，以及工作特征与觉醒问题之间的双向关联。与早期关于需求、控制、睡眠质量和疲劳的研究不同，本研究基于 2 年的时间滞后，除了通常假设的工作特征与睡眠问题之间的因果关系外，还提出了反向和互易关系。
