Karolinska Institutet, Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Huddinge, Sweden.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2013 Feb;59(1):40-7. doi: 10.1177/0020764011423174. Epub 2011 Oct 3.
Although formal intervention after disasters is recommended, the evidence base for this is weak. Satisfaction with support after disasters is seldom investigated and the relation to psychological symptoms is unknown.
To investigate whether dissatisfaction with social and formalized support are associated with post-disaster psychological symptoms.
A total of 1,505 Swedish survivors of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami responded to a questionnaire 14 months after the disaster, including the General Health Questionnaire-12, the Impact of Events Scale - Revised, the Crisis Support Scale, and questions concerning the reception and appraisal of social and formalized support from health care, psychological services and insurance agencies. Disaster exposure and background factors were controlled for in the analyses.
Reception of formalized support, but not social support, was associated with both psychological distress and post-traumatic stress. Dissatisfaction with social but not formalized support, with the exception of support from insurance agencies, was associated with psychological distress.
Social support and formalized support should be differentiated in future studies in order to improve preventive intervention efforts after disasters. The reporting of dissatisfaction with social support merits special attention, since this may indicate increased risk for psychological symptoms.
尽管建议在灾难后进行正式干预，但这方面的证据基础薄弱。很少调查灾难后对支持的满意度，也不清楚其与心理症状的关系。
调查对社会和正式支持的不满是否与灾后心理症状有关。
2004 年印度洋海啸后 14 个月，共有 1505 名瑞典幸存者对问卷做出了回应，其中包括一般健康问卷-12、事件影响量表修订版、危机支持量表，以及有关接受和评价来自医疗保健、心理服务和保险机构的社会和正式支持的问题。在分析中控制了灾害暴露和背景因素。
正式支持的接收，但不是社会支持，与心理困扰和创伤后应激有关。对社会支持的不满，但不是正式支持，除了来自保险公司的支持，与心理困扰有关。
未来的灾难后干预研究应区分社会支持和正式支持。对社会支持不满的报告值得特别关注，因为这可能表明心理症状的风险增加。
