Velinov N, Poptodorov G, Gabrovski N, Gabrovski St
Khirurgiia (Sofiia). 2010(1):44-9.
Many authors have described the role ofmatrixmetalloproteinases (MMP) in tumor invasion. MMPs are a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, which through degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the basal membrane induce tumor spread and metastasis. There are more than 20 enzymes classified into 6 groups: Collagenases (MMP-1,-8,-13 and -18), Gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9, Stromelysins (MMP-3,-7,-10,-11,-26,-27), Elastases (MMP-12), Membrane type specific MMPs (MMP-14,-15,-16,-17,-24 H -25) and other MMPs (MMP-19,-20,-28,-21,-22,-23). Many authors have demonstrated a positive correlation between the pattern of MMP expression and the tumor invasive and metastatic potential including: rectal and gastric cancer, lung carcinoma, breast, ovarian, prostate, thyroid cancer and brain tumors. The increased expression of tissue inhibitors of MMPS (TIMPs) is a response against the tumor progression leading to suppression of the MMP-activity and preservation of the ECM integrity. Due to the dual role of TIMPs, which together with MT1-MMP activate pro-MMPs it is possible that the correlation between activator/inhibitor is the one defining the tumor growth and metastasis.
许多作者都描述了基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）在肿瘤侵袭中的作用。MMPs是一类锌依赖性内肽酶，它们通过降解细胞外基质（ECM）和基底膜来诱导肿瘤扩散和转移。有20多种酶被分为6组：胶原酶（MMP-1、-8、-13和-18）、明胶酶（MMP-2和MMP-9）、基质溶解素（MMP-3、-7、-10、-11、-26、-27）、弹性蛋白酶（MMP-12）、膜型特异性MMPs（MMP-14、-15、-16、-17、-24、-25）和其他MMPs（MMP-19、-20、-28、-21、-22、-23）。许多作者已经证明MMP表达模式与肿瘤侵袭和转移潜能之间存在正相关，包括：直肠癌、胃癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、前列腺癌、甲状腺癌和脑肿瘤。MMP组织抑制剂（TIMPs）表达的增加是对肿瘤进展的一种反应，导致MMP活性受到抑制并维持ECM的完整性。由于TIMPs具有双重作用，它们与MT1-MMP一起激活前MMPs，因此激活剂/抑制剂之间的相关性可能是决定肿瘤生长和转移的因素之一。
