Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal, 5400 Boul Gouin Ouest, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2011 Nov;31(4):717-28, vi. doi: 10.1016/j.iac.2011.07.005.
Occupational asthma (OA) is defined as asthma caused by sources and conditions attributable to a particular occupational environment and not to stimuli encountered outside the workplace. Two types of OA are distinguished based on their appearance after a latency period or not. The most frequent type appears after a latency period leading to sensitization; the clinical assessment of this type of OA is the topic of this review. The differential diagnosis of OA is also reviewed, including work-exacerbated asthma, eosinophilic bronchitis, hyperventilation syndrome, vocal cord dysfunction, bronchiolitis, and other causes of dyspnea or cough.
职业性哮喘（OA）定义为由特定职业环境中可归因于工作的来源和条件引起的哮喘，而不是由工作场所之外遇到的刺激物引起的哮喘。根据出现潜伏期与否，OA 可分为两种类型。最常见的类型出现在潜伏期后导致致敏；这种类型的 OA 的临床评估是本综述的主题。OA 的鉴别诊断也进行了回顾，包括与工作相关的哮喘、嗜酸性粒细胞性支气管炎、过度通气综合征、声带功能障碍、细支气管炎和其他引起呼吸困难或咳嗽的原因。
