Kubein-Meesenburg D, Nägerl H, Fanghänel J
IV. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, BRD.
Anat Anz. 1990;170(3-4):301-8.
The kinematicaly open, dimeric link chain represents the simpliest module of a diarthrosis. The simpliest synarthrosis is represented by a (visco-)elastic disk that connects two rigid bodies. Diarthroses and synarthroses are statically distinguished by the character of force transfer. Because of their adhesive connection to the corresponding bony structures synarthroses can transfer shear stresses while diarthroses can only be loaded by forces which act normal to their functional surfaces. Therefore, the interface between the body structure and the elastic synarthrosis can be considered as a surface of infinite static (adhesive) friction, while the contacting surfaces in a diathrosis possess vanishing static friction. Kinematically, the difference between diarthroses and synarthroses is established by the fact that diarthroses possess axes of rotation which are approximately fixed relatively to the morphology of the corresponding functional surfaces while in synarthroses the positions of rotational axes depend on the geometric structure of the applied and transferred force system. The first part entire paper presents the most simple module of a diarthrosis, the kinematically open dimeric link chain.
从运动学角度看呈开放状态的二聚体连接链代表了滑膜关节最简单的模块。最简单的不动关节由连接两个刚体的（粘）弹性盘表示。滑膜关节和不动关节在力传递特性上有静态区别。由于不动关节与相应骨结构的粘连连接，它们能够传递剪应力，而滑膜关节只能承受垂直于其功能表面作用的力。因此，身体结构与弹性不动关节之间的界面可被视为具有无限静（粘）摩擦力的表面，而滑膜关节中的接触面静摩擦力为零。从运动学角度看，滑膜关节和不动关节的区别在于，滑膜关节具有相对于相应功能表面形态大致固定的旋转轴，而在不动关节中，旋转轴的位置取决于所施加和传递的力系统的几何结构。本文第一部分介绍了滑膜关节最简单的模块，即运动学上开放的二聚体连接链。
