Sharma A, Mathur V P
Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2011 Jul-Sep;29(3):188-92. doi: 10.4103/0970-4388.85803.
Epilepsy denotes any disorder characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge in the brain. Symptoms range from sensory absences to convulsive movements and loss of consciousness. Antiepileptic drugs are the first line of treatment. However, 20% individuals with epilepsy have drug-resistant seizures despite optimal treatment. For those with refractory epilepsy, the ketogenic diet is an effective alternative therapeutic approach. The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate, and adequate-protein diet that mimics the biochemical effects of fasting. There are many disparate mechanistic theories of how this diet protects against seizures. Key insights indicate that it has effects on intermediary metabolism that influence the dynamics of the major inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems in brain. This paper discusses the implicitly significant and diverse biochemical changes affected by this unique therapeutic approach that may have a bearing on oral health and the delivery of dental care to individuals with refractory epilepsy.
癫痫是指任何由于大脑中异常阵发性神经元放电导致反复发作性癫痫发作的疾病。症状范围从感觉缺失到抽搐运动和意识丧失。抗癫痫药物是一线治疗方法。然而，20%的癫痫患者尽管接受了最佳治疗仍有耐药性癫痫发作。对于难治性癫痫患者，生酮饮食是一种有效的替代治疗方法。生酮饮食是一种高脂肪、低碳水化合物和适量蛋白质的饮食，模拟禁食的生化效应。关于这种饮食如何预防癫痫发作有许多不同的机制理论。关键见解表明，它对中间代谢有影响，进而影响大脑中主要抑制性和兴奋性神经递质系统的动态变化。本文讨论了这种独特治疗方法所影响的潜在重大且多样的生化变化，这些变化可能与难治性癫痫患者的口腔健康和牙科护理有关。
