Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2011 Sep;27(9):1678-98. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2011000900003.
The aim of this study was to carry out a review of scientific literature published in Brazil between 2000 and 2009 on the characteristics of air pollutants from different emission sources, especially particulate matter (PM) and its effects on respiratory health. Using electronic databases, a systematic literature review was performed of all research related to air pollutant emissions. Publications were analyzed to identify the physical and chemical characteristics of pollutants from different emission sources and their related effects on the respiratory system. The PM2.5 is composed predominantly of organic compounds with 20% of inorganic elements. Higher concentrations of metals were detected in metropolitan areas than in biomass burning regions. The relative risk of hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases in children was higher than in the elderly population. The results of studies of health effects of air pollution are specific to the region where the emissions occurred and should not be used to depict the situation in other areas with different emission sources.
本研究旨在对 2000 年至 2009 年期间在巴西发表的有关不同排放源（特别是颗粒物 (PM)）的空气污染物特性及其对呼吸道健康影响的科学文献进行综述。利用电子数据库，对所有与空气污染物排放有关的研究进行了系统的文献回顾。对出版物进行了分析，以确定来自不同排放源的污染物的物理和化学特性及其对呼吸系统的相关影响。PM2.5 主要由有机化合物组成，其中 20%为无机元素。在大都市地区检测到的金属浓度高于生物质燃烧地区。由于呼吸道疾病而住院的儿童的相对风险高于老年人群体。空气污染对健康影响的研究结果特定于排放发生的地区，不应用于描述具有不同排放源的其他地区的情况。
