Institute of Sport Pedagogy and Coaching Sciences, Faculty of Exercise and Sports Sciences, University of Tartu, 5 Jakobi Street, EE 51014 Tartu, Estonia.
Percept Mot Skills. 2011 Aug;113(1):51-66. doi: 10.2466/05.06.13.PMS.113.4.51-66.
The aim of this study was to examine the differences in psychosocial and motivational variables between persistent and dropout youth athletes and between groups with different years in training. Team and individual youth athletes completed questionnaires measuring autonomy support from parents and coaches, peer motivational climate, basic psychological needs satisfaction, and sport motivation. The results showed that athletes who dropped out perceived significantly less competence, relatedness, and autonomy need satisfaction, and they perceived less autonomy support from parents and were less intrinsically motivated than persistent athletes. Youth athletes with up to one year in training reported significantly lower effort and intra-team conflict with peers, relatedness need satisfaction, and external motivation than athletes with 1 to 3 years and >3 years in training. Findings extend knowledge of the psychosocial determinants of sport continuation behaviour among young athletes.
本研究旨在考察持久参与和中途退出的青年运动员之间，以及不同训练年限运动员群体之间的社会心理和动机变量差异。 青少年运动员填写了父母和教练自主性支持、同伴激励氛围、基本心理需求满足感和运动动机的问卷。 结果表明，中途退出的运动员感知到的能力、关联性和自主性需求满足感明显较低，他们感知到的父母自主性支持较少，内在动机也比持久参与的运动员低。 训练年限在 1 年以内的青年运动员报告的努力程度和与队友的内团队冲突、关联性需求满足感和外在动机显著低于训练年限为 1 至 3 年和>3 年的运动员。 研究结果扩展了关于年轻运动员运动持续行为的社会心理决定因素的知识。
