Tagkalakis P, Demiri E
Aristotle's University of Thessaloniki, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ann Burns Fire Disasters. 2009 Dec 31;22(4):203-7.
The quality of life of burn-injured patients can be impaired physically and psychologically. Burn patients who experience facial disfigurement have psychological, social, and economic difficulties living with their appearance in addition to difficulties associated with their medical treatment. The aim of this review was to investigate, within a cognitive behavioural framework, the effect of facial disfigurement on body image and social integration in burn patients. Body image is a complex concept used to express the mental image of a person's physical self. Newell offered a cognitive-behavioural model which drew on clinical studies of phobic disorders, assuming that many of the psychological difficulties in patients who have suffered a threat to their body image are mediated primarily by fear and avoidance. The model proposes two ends of a continuum for disturbed body image: confrontation leading to social integration, and avoidance leading to social isolation. The literature suggests that many of the confrontational and adaptive processes described in the model are likely to be important in addressing facial disfigurement issues in burn patients. However, the conclusions drawn may be entirely speculative until they are confirmed by sufficient robust research evidence.
烧伤患者的生活质量在身体和心理方面都可能受到损害。除了与治疗相关的困难外，面部毁容的烧伤患者在面对自己的容貌时还会面临心理、社会和经济方面的困境。本综述的目的是在认知行为框架内，研究面部毁容对烧伤患者身体形象和社会融入的影响。身体形象是一个复杂的概念，用于表达一个人对自身身体的心理形象。纽厄尔提出了一个认知行为模型，该模型借鉴了对恐惧症的临床研究，假设许多身体形象受到威胁的患者的心理困难主要由恐惧和回避介导。该模型提出了身体形象紊乱连续体的两端：面对导致社会融入，回避导致社会孤立。文献表明，该模型中描述的许多面对和适应过程可能对解决烧伤患者的面部毁容问题很重要。然而，在得到充分有力的研究证据证实之前，得出的结论可能完全是推测性的。
