Thompson Tarin M, Batts William N, Faisal Mohamed, Bowser Paul, Casey James W, Phillips Kenneth, Garver Kyle A, Winton James, Kurath Gael
Western Fisheries Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington 98115, USA.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2011 Aug 29;96(1):29-43. doi: 10.3354/dao02362.
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is a fish rhabdovirus that causes disease in a broad range of marine and freshwater hosts. The known geographic range includes the Northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, and recently it has invaded the Great Lakes region of North America. The goal of this work was to characterize genetic diversity of Great Lakes VHSV isolates at the early stage of this viral emergence by comparing a partial glycoprotein (G) gene sequence (669 nt) of 108 isolates collected from 2003 to 2009 from 31 species and at 37 sites. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all isolates fell into sub-lineage IVb within the major VHSV genetic group IV. Among these 108 isolates, genetic diversity was low, with a maximum of 1.05% within the 669 nt region. There were 11 unique sequences, designated vcG001 to vcG011. Two dominant sequence types, vcG001 and vcG002, accounted for 90% (97 of 108) of the isolates. The vcG001 isolates were most widespread. We saw no apparent association of sequence type with host or year of isolation, but we did note a spatial pattern, in which vcG002 isolates were more prevalent in the easternmost sub-regions, including inland New York state and the St. Lawrence Seaway. Different sequence types were found among isolates from single disease outbreaks, and mixtures of types were evident within 2 isolates from individual fish. Overall, the genetic diversity of VHSV in the Great Lakes region was found to be extremely low, consistent with an introduction of a new virus into a geographic region with previously naive host populations.
病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）是一种鱼类弹状病毒，可在多种海洋和淡水宿主中引发疾病。已知其地理分布范围包括北大西洋和太平洋，最近它已侵入北美五大湖地区。这项工作的目标是，通过比较2003年至2009年从31个物种的37个地点收集的108株病毒的部分糖蛋白（G）基因序列（669个核苷酸），来表征五大湖VHSV分离株在该病毒出现早期的遗传多样性。系统发育分析表明，所有分离株均属于主要VHSV基因组IV中的亚分支IVb。在这108株分离株中，遗传多样性较低，在669个核苷酸区域内最大为1.05%。有11个独特序列，命名为vcG001至vcG011。两种主要序列类型vcG001和vcG002占分离株的90%（108株中的97株）。vcG001分离株分布最广。我们没有发现序列类型与宿主或分离年份之间有明显关联，但确实注意到一种空间模式，其中vcG002分离株在最东部的子区域更为普遍，包括纽约州内陆和圣劳伦斯航道。在单个疾病暴发的分离株中发现了不同的序列类型，并且在单个鱼的2株分离株中明显存在类型混合。总体而言发现，五大湖地区VHSV的遗传多样性极低，这与一种新病毒引入一个以前没有感染过该病毒的宿主种群的地理区域的情况一致。
