Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (Swiss TPH), Socinstr, 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland.
BMC Public Health. 2011 Oct 12;11:795. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-795.
Research about the relationship between premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and major depression is limited. This study examined the relationship between moderate to severe PMS and major depression in a population-based sample of women of reproductive age. The objectives of the study were to assess the association between premenstrual syndrome and major depression, to analyse how PMS and major depression differ and to characterise the group of women who report both PMS and major depression.
Data were obtained from the Swiss Health Survey 2007. Included in the analysis was data from women under the age of 55 without hysterectomy and who answered the questions on PMS symptoms. The population-based sample consisted of 3518 women. Weighted prevalence rates were calculated and relative risk ratios for PMS, major depression and women who reported both PMS and major depression, were calculated with logistic multinominal logit regression.
The prevalence of major depression was 11.3% in women screening positive for moderate PMS and 24.6% in women screening positive for severe PMS. Compared to women without any of these conditions, women who reported moderate to severe alcohol consumption had a lower risk for PMS. Women reporting use of antidepressants, and use of oral contraceptives had a higher risk for major depression compared to women without any of these conditions. Women reporting work dissatisfaction had a higher risk for PMS. A higher relative risk to report both PMS and major depression compared to women without PMS or major depression was related to factors such as high psychological distress, low mastery, psychotropic drug consumption, and low self-rated health.
The results suggested that women who suffer from both PMS and major depression are more impaired compared to women with only one disorder. The results further indicated that PMS and major depression are different disorders that can, however, co-occur.
关于经前综合征（PMS）和重度抑郁症之间关系的研究有限。本研究在基于人群的育龄妇女样本中，研究了中度至重度 PMS 与重度抑郁症之间的关系。本研究的目的是评估经前综合征与重度抑郁症之间的关联，分析经前综合征和重度抑郁症的差异，并描述报告同时患有经前综合征和重度抑郁症的妇女群体。
数据来自瑞士健康调查 2007 年的数据。分析中包括年龄在 55 岁以下、未接受子宫切除术且回答了经前综合征症状问题的女性数据。基于人群的样本由 3518 名女性组成。计算了加权患病率，并使用逻辑多项 Logit 回归计算了经前综合征、重度抑郁症和报告同时患有经前综合征和重度抑郁症的妇女的相对风险比。
中度 PMS 筛查阳性的妇女重度抑郁症的患病率为 11.3%，重度 PMS 筛查阳性的妇女为 24.6%。与没有这些情况的妇女相比，报告中度至重度饮酒的妇女发生经前综合征的风险较低。与没有这些情况的妇女相比，报告使用抗抑郁药和口服避孕药的妇女发生重度抑郁症的风险较高。报告工作不满的妇女发生经前综合征的风险较高。与没有经前综合征或重度抑郁症的妇女相比，报告同时患有经前综合征和重度抑郁症的妇女的相对风险更高，与高心理困扰、低掌握能力、精神药物使用和低自我评估健康等因素有关。
结果表明，同时患有经前综合征和重度抑郁症的妇女比仅患有一种疾病的妇女受损更严重。结果进一步表明，经前综合征和重度抑郁症是不同的疾病，但可以同时发生。
