Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Bioorg Chem. 2012 Aug;43:51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2011.09.004. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
Isoprenoids are an intensive group of compounds made from isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP), catalyzed by prenyltransferases such as farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) cyclases, squalene synthase, protein farnesyltransferases and geranylgeranyltransferases, aromatic prenyltransferases as well as a group of prenyltransferases (cis- and trans-types) catalyzing consecutive condensation reactions of FPP with specific numbers of IPP to generate linear products with designate chain lengths. These prenyltransferases play significant biological functions and some of them are drug targets. In this review, structures, mechanisms, and inhibitors of a cis-prenyltransferase, undecaprenyl diphosphate synthase (UPPS) that mediates bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis, are summarized for comparison with the most related trans-prenyltransferases and other prenyltransferases.
类异戊二烯是由异戊烯二磷酸（IPP）合成的一组重要化合物，由法呢基二磷酸（FPP）环化酶、鲨烯合酶、蛋白法尼基转移酶和香叶基香叶基转移酶、芳香族法尼基转移酶以及一类（顺式和反式）法尼基转移酶催化，这些酶通过 FPP 与特定数量的 IPP 连续缩合反应生成具有指定链长的线性产物。这些法尼基转移酶具有重要的生物学功能，其中一些是药物靶点。在这篇综述中，总结了介导细菌肽聚糖生物合成的顺式法尼基转移酶十一碳烯二磷酸合酶（UPPS）的结构、机制和抑制剂，以便与最相关的反式法尼基转移酶和其他法尼基转移酶进行比较。
