Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Road, Northeast, Room 524, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2011 Dec;13(12):1257-65. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntr144. Epub 2011 Oct 12.
Half of college students who have smoked in the past month do not consider themselves smokers. Understanding one's schema of smokers is important, as it might relate to smoking behavior. Thus, we aimed to develop a scale assessing how young adults classify smokers and establish reliability and validity of the scale.
Of 24,055 students at six Southeast colleges recruited to complete an online survey, 4,840 (20.1%) responded, with complete smoking and scale development data from 3,863.
The Classifying a Smoker Scale consisted of 10 items derived from prior research. Factor analysis extracted a single factor accounting for 40.00% of score variance (eigenvalue = 5.52). Higher scores (range 10-70) indicate stricter criteria in classifying a smoker. The scale yielded a Cronbach's alpha of .91. Current smoking (past 30-day) prevalence was 22.8%. Higher Classifying a Smoker Scale scores (p = .001) were significant predictors of current smoking, controlling for sociodemographics. Higher scores were related to being nondaily versus daily smokers (p = .009), readiness to quit in the next month (p = .04), greater perceived smoking prevalence (p = .007), not identifying as smokers (p < .001), less perceived harm of smoking (p < .001), greater concern about smoking health risks (p = .01), and less favorable attitudes toward smoking restrictions (p < .001). Among current smokers, higher scores were related to greater smoking frequency (p = .02), not identifying as smokers (p < .001), and less perceived harm of smoking (p < .001), controlling for sociodemographics.
This scale, demonstrating good psychometric properties, highlights potential intervention targets for prevention and cessation, as it relates to smoking, risk perception, and interest in quitting.
过去一个月内有过吸烟经历的大学生中，有一半人不认为自己是烟民。了解一个人对烟民的认知模式很重要，因为这可能与吸烟行为有关。因此，我们旨在开发一种评估年轻人对烟民分类的方法，并确定该方法的信度和效度。
在六所东南大学招募了 24055 名学生完成在线调查，其中 4840 人（20.1%）做出了回应，有 3863 人完成了吸烟情况和量表开发数据的完整调查。
“烟民分类量表”由先前研究中的 10 个项目组成。因子分析提取了一个可解释 40.00%评分方差的单一因素（特征值=5.52）。更高的分数（范围为 10-70）表示对烟民分类的标准更严格。该量表的克朗巴赫α系数为 0.91。当前吸烟（过去 30 天）的流行率为 22.8%。在控制社会人口统计学因素后，“烟民分类量表”得分越高（p=0.001），当前吸烟的可能性越大。更高的分数与非每日吸烟者（p=0.009）、下一个月内准备戒烟（p=0.04）、更高的感知吸烟流行率（p=0.007）、不认同自己是烟民（p<0.001）、对吸烟危害的感知程度更低（p<0.001）、对吸烟健康风险的担忧程度更高（p=0.01）以及对吸烟限制的态度更不利（p<0.001）有关。在当前吸烟者中，更高的分数与更高的吸烟频率（p=0.02）、不认同自己是烟民（p<0.001）以及对吸烟危害的感知程度更低（p<0.001）有关，这与社会人口统计学因素有关。
该量表具有良好的心理测量学特性，突出了与吸烟、风险感知和戒烟意愿相关的潜在干预目标。
