Berg Carla J
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University School of Public Health, USA.
J Smok Cessat. 2014 Jun;9(1):17-25. doi: 10.1017/jsc.2013.8.
Given the increased rates of nondaily smoking and the lack of validated measures to assess factors related to nondaily smoking, we aimed to develop a measure of reasons for nondaily smoking among young adults. Specifically, we developed a scale assessing reasons or triggers for nondaily smoking and examined its reliability, factor structure, and concurrent validity.
We administered an online survey to 2,000 students at six colleges in the Southeastern US, and 718 (35.9%) returned a completed survey. The current analyses focused on the 95 participants who reported nondaily smoking (i.e., smoking between 1 and 29 days of the past 30 days). In addition to the items created for scale development, measures included socio-demographics, other measures of motivation and confidence/self-efficacy, past smoking/quitting history, readiness to quit, and other psychosocial factors related to smoking.
The 19-item Reasons for Nondaily Smoking Scale (RNS) demonstrated an average score of 45.36 (SD = 15.55) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha of 0.79). Factor analysis of the items extracted four factors which accounted for 57.4% of score variance: Social influences; Enhancing buzzes and positive affect; Negative affect regulation; and Lack of concern of addiction. Concurrent and discriminant validity were documented.
Developing validated measures designed to assess factors associated with nondaily smoking will enhance our ability to address this growing public health concern. The development and validation of the RNS for young adults may be critical in informing our intervention strategies and potentially for effecting or predicting cessation among young adult nondaily smokers.
鉴于非每日吸烟率的上升以及缺乏用于评估与非每日吸烟相关因素的有效测量方法，我们旨在开发一种针对年轻成年人非每日吸烟原因的测量方法。具体而言，我们编制了一个量表来评估非每日吸烟的原因或触发因素，并检验其信度、因子结构和同时效度。
我们对美国东南部六所大学的2000名学生进行了在线调查，718人（35.9%）返回了完整的调查问卷。当前分析聚焦于95名报告有非每日吸烟情况的参与者（即过去30天内吸烟1至29天）。除了为量表开发所创建的项目外，测量内容还包括社会人口统计学信息、其他动机及信心/自我效能的测量指标、过去的吸烟/戒烟史、戒烟意愿以及其他与吸烟相关的心理社会因素。
19个项目的非每日吸烟原因量表（RNS）平均得分为45.36（标准差 = 15.55），内部一致性（克朗巴哈系数为0.79）。对这些项目进行因子分析提取出四个因子，它们解释了得分方差的57.4%：社会影响；增强兴奋感和积极情绪；调节消极情绪；以及对成瘾缺乏关注。同时效度和区分效度得到了证实。
开发旨在评估与非每日吸烟相关因素的有效测量方法将提高我们应对这一日益严重的公共卫生问题的能力。为年轻成年人开发并验证RNS对于为我们的干预策略提供信息以及可能影响或预测年轻成年非每日吸烟者戒烟情况可能至关重要。
