Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Stamira D'Ancona, 20, 20127 Milan, Italy.
Viruses. 2010 Feb;2(2):574-600. doi: 10.3390/v2020574. Epub 2010 Feb 5.
The C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) is a key player in HIV infection due to its major involvement in the infection process. Investigations into the role of the CCR5 coreceptor first focused on its binding to the virus and the molecular mechanisms leading to the entry and spread of HIV. The identification of naturally occurring CCR5 mutations has allowed scientists to address the CCR5 molecule as a promising target to prevent or limit HIV infection in vivo. Naturally occurring CCR5-specific antibodies have been found in exposed but uninfected people, and in a subset of HIV seropositive people who show long-term control of the infection. This suggests that natural autoimmunity to the CCR5 coreceptor exists and may play a role in HIV control. Such natural immunity has prompted strategies aimed at achieving anti-HIV humoral responses through CCR5 targeting, which will be described here.
C-C 趋化因子受体 5（CCR5）是 HIV 感染的关键因素，因为它主要参与感染过程。对 CCR5 共受体作用的研究首先集中在其与病毒的结合以及导致 HIV 进入和传播的分子机制上。对天然存在的 CCR5 突变的研究使科学家们能够将 CCR5 分子作为一种有希望的靶点，以预防或限制体内 HIV 感染。在暴露但未感染的人群中以及在具有长期感染控制能力的 HIV 阳性人群的亚组中，已发现了针对 CCR5 的天然存在的特异性抗体。这表明针对 CCR5 共受体存在天然自身免疫，并且可能在 HIV 控制中发挥作用。这种天然免疫促使人们制定了通过靶向 CCR5 来实现抗 HIV 体液免疫反应的策略，本文将对此进行描述。
