Hickson R C, Czerwinski S M, Falduto M T, Young A P
Department of Physical Education, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Jun;22(3):331-40.
This work evaluated the anticatabolic capacity of androgenic-anabolic steroids and exercise (contractile activity) in inhibiting skeletal muscle atrophy associated with excessive levels of circulating glucocorticoids. With androgenic-anabolic steroids, most binding studies indicate that they have very low binding specificity for the glucocorticoid receptor. Androgens may interact through their own receptor to interfere with glucocorticoid functioning at the gene level, but this remains unproven. Current literature suggests that androgens do not prevent atrophy but may retard growth suppression accompanying glucocorticoid treatment. With exercise, functional overload, resistance, and endurance types of training are capable of preventing muscle atrophy from glucocorticoids. Androgen and glucocorticoid-receptor binding and glucocorticoid-receptor activation studies have, thus far, not established that atrophy prevention is mediated through the receptor. In conclusion, the role of androgenic-anabolic steroids as glucocorticoid antagonists requires further study. Study of the effects of exercise on muscle gene expression of glucocorticoid-inducible proteins is needed to gain additional understanding of this mechanism of atrophy prevention.
这项研究评估了雄激素类合成代谢类固醇和运动（收缩活动）在抑制与循环糖皮质激素水平过高相关的骨骼肌萎缩方面的抗分解代谢能力。对于雄激素类合成代谢类固醇，大多数结合研究表明它们对糖皮质激素受体的结合特异性非常低。雄激素可能通过其自身受体相互作用，在基因水平上干扰糖皮质激素的功能，但这一点尚未得到证实。目前的文献表明，雄激素不能预防萎缩，但可能会减缓糖皮质激素治疗伴随的生长抑制。对于运动，功能性超负荷、阻力和耐力类型的训练能够预防糖皮质激素引起的肌肉萎缩。到目前为止，雄激素与糖皮质激素受体结合以及糖皮质激素受体激活研究尚未证实萎缩预防是通过受体介导的。总之，雄激素类合成代谢类固醇作为糖皮质激素拮抗剂的作用需要进一步研究。需要研究运动对糖皮质激素诱导蛋白的肌肉基因表达的影响，以进一步了解这种萎缩预防机制。
