Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1500 San Pablo St, 2nd Floor Imaging, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Radiographics. 2011 Oct;31(6):1583-98. doi: 10.1148/rg.316115531.
The vagina can easily be overlooked at ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging performed for nongynecologic indications. Even when gynecologic disease is suspected, the vagina may be underevaluated at routine pelvic US due to probe positioning and at CT due to poor vaginal tissue characterization. Although MR imaging offers excellent tissue characterization, radiologists must focus on the vaginal area to recognize any incidental findings. A directed anatomic-pathologic approach to assessing the vagina at US, CT, and MR imaging is recommended so that pertinent findings are not missed. This approach requires a knowledge of the anatomy and embryologic development of the vagina, as well as an understanding of congenital, developmental, and postoperative vaginal disease entities. In addition, it is important to understand the strengths and limitations of each imaging modality with respect to vaginal assessment. By remembering to "look beyond" the uterus and cervix to the vagina, radiologists can improve their perception and interpretation of vaginal anatomy and disease.
阴道在非妇科超声（US）、计算机断层扫描（CT）或磁共振成像（MR）检查中很容易被忽视，这些检查用于非妇科的指征。即使怀疑存在妇科疾病，由于探头位置的原因，常规盆腔 US 可能会低估阴道，而 CT 则由于阴道组织特征不佳而低估阴道。尽管 MR 成像提供了出色的组织特征，但放射科医生必须专注于阴道区域，以识别任何偶然发现。建议在 US、CT 和 MR 成像中采用针对阴道的定向解剖-病理评估方法，以免遗漏相关发现。这种方法需要了解阴道的解剖结构和胚胎发育，以及理解先天性、发育性和术后阴道疾病实体。此外，了解每种成像方式在阴道评估方面的优缺点也很重要。通过记住“超越”子宫和宫颈去观察阴道，放射科医生可以提高对阴道解剖结构和疾病的感知和解读能力。
