Woynarowska Barbara, Małkowska-Szkutnik Agnieszka, Mazur Joanna, Kowalewska Anna, Komosińska Krystyna
Department of Biomedical and Psychological Basis of Education, Warsaw University, Warsaw.
Med Wieku Rozwoj. 2011 Jul-Sep;15(3):232-9.
to diagnose the situation regarding the infrastructure, organization of school meals, the kind of products available for students at school and the school policy on the promotion of healthy eating in the context of the increasing frequency of obesity among children and young people.
The research tool was the questionnaire "School environment and health", including a section on the facilities, organization of meals and the school's policy on healthy eating. It made use of the questions from the international HBSC (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children) school questionnaire. The anonymous questionnaire was sent out by post and was returned by 520 head masters of primary, lower-secondary and cluster schools. This means that 74.3% of the randomly chosen sample of schools responded.
Almost 2/3 of the schools had a canteen and a school store. Hot meals were served in 84% of the schools but only in 28% of them to more than 50% of the students. School breakfast was organized by half of the schools of which 23% had it in all the classes. Almost all the schools served free meals for students with special needs. Most schools, particularly lower-secondary provided access to sweets, sweet drinks and salty snacks. Only 7-25% of schools have a written policy on limiting such products and increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, milk and whole-grain bread products. In on going national programmes: "A Glass of Milk" had a 74% participation rate (only 25% of the lower-secondary schools) and "Fruits in School" 38% (6% lower-secondary schools). The "Keep Fit" educational programme was implemented in 28% of primary schools and in 72% of lower-secondary schools.
The majority of schools in Poland still do not appreciate the need for all students to eat a meal in school and have not become involved in prophylactic activities designed to prevent obesity. The undertaken activities are incoherent. There is a need to create a policy on healthy nutrition at school at the national, regional, local and school level.
鉴于儿童和青少年肥胖率日益上升，诊断学校基础设施、学校膳食组织、学校可供学生选择的产品种类以及学校促进健康饮食政策的情况。
研究工具为“学校环境与健康”问卷，其中包括关于设施、膳食组织和学校健康饮食政策的部分。它采用了国际学龄儿童健康行为（HBSC）学校问卷中的问题。匿名问卷通过邮寄发放，520名小学、初中和集群学校的校长回复了问卷。这意味着随机抽取的学校样本中有74.3%做出了回应。
近三分之二的学校设有食堂和学校商店。84%的学校提供热餐，但其中只有28%的学校为超过50%的学生提供热餐。一半的学校组织了学校早餐，其中23%在所有班级都提供早餐。几乎所有学校都为有特殊需求的学生提供免费餐食。大多数学校（尤其是初中）提供糖果、甜饮料和咸味零食。只有7% - 25%的学校有关于限制此类产品以及增加水果、蔬菜、牛奶和全麦面包产品消费的书面政策。在正在进行的国家项目中：“一杯牛奶”项目的参与率为74%（初中学校仅占25%），“学校水果”项目的参与率为38%（初中学校占6%）。“保持健康”教育项目在28%的小学和72%的初中实施。
波兰的大多数学校仍然没有认识到让所有学生在学校用餐的必要性，也没有参与旨在预防肥胖的预防活动。所开展的活动缺乏连贯性。有必要在国家、地区、地方和学校层面制定学校健康营养政策。
