Institute of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2019 Jul 22;55(7):397. doi: 10.3390/medicina55070397.
Eating habits acquired or changed during childhood are likely to track into adulthood. Due to the fact that nutritional behaviours are not so strongly formed among children, it is easier to change and develop them in children than in adults. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of selected sociodemographic factors affecting fruit and vegetable consumption (i.e., age, parents' body mass index, parents' level education, duration of breastfeeding, child's time spent in front of computer/television) among children in school canteens. : The sample consisted of 106 participants (52 girls, 54 boys) aged 6-12. The frequency of consuming fruits and vegetables at a school canteen was assessed using bar code cards for two weeks. Body composition estimates were obtained using a foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysis, body height was measured using a stadiometer Seca 213. The questionnaire contained questions about selected factors which can have an influence on fruit and vegetable consumption. In the study group, 13.2% of participants were overweight and 17.9% were obese. Our results showed a statistically significant relationship between age and fruit and vegetable consumption, and it increased with age in both sexes. Bearing in mind the various conditions discussed when shaping the eating habits of pre-school- and early-school-aged children, the importance of proper nutritional education should be stressed both among children and parents.
饮食习惯在儿童时期形成或改变后，很可能会伴随他们进入成年期。由于儿童的营养行为尚未完全形成，因此相较于成年人，儿童更容易改变和培养这些行为。本研究旨在评估影响儿童在学校食堂消费水果和蔬菜的选定社会人口因素（即年龄、父母的体重指数、父母的教育水平、母乳喂养时长、儿童花在电脑/电视前的时间）的影响。研究对象为 106 名 6-12 岁的参与者（52 名女孩，54 名男孩）。通过两周的条码卡评估在学校食堂消费水果和蔬菜的频率。使用足式生物电阻抗分析估算身体成分，使用 Seca 213 测高仪测量身高。问卷包含了一些可能影响水果和蔬菜消费的选定因素的问题。在研究组中，13.2%的参与者超重，17.9%的参与者肥胖。我们的研究结果表明，年龄与水果和蔬菜的消费之间存在统计学上的显著关系，且在两性中都随年龄增长而增加。考虑到在塑造学龄前和小学年龄段儿童饮食习惯时所讨论的各种情况，应该强调在儿童和家长中开展适当的营养教育的重要性。
