Cohen G M
Toxicology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of London, UK.
Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Apr;85:31-41. doi: 10.1289/ehp.85-1568313.
The lung has the potential of metabolizing many foreign chemicals to a vast array of metabolites with different pharmacological and toxicological properties. Because many chemicals require metabolic activation in order to exert their toxicity, the cellular distribution of the drug-metabolizing enzymes in a heterogeneous tissue, such as the lung, and the balance of metabolic activation and deactivation pathways in any particular cell are key factors in determining the cellular specificity of many pulmonary toxins. Environmental factors such as air pollution, cigarette smoking, and diet markedly affect the pulmonary metabolism of some chemicals and, thereby, possibly affect their toxicity.
肺有能力将许多外来化学物质代谢为大量具有不同药理和毒理特性的代谢产物。由于许多化学物质需要代谢激活才能发挥其毒性，药物代谢酶在肺等异质性组织中的细胞分布，以及任何特定细胞中代谢激活和失活途径的平衡，是决定许多肺毒素细胞特异性的关键因素。空气污染、吸烟和饮食等环境因素会显著影响某些化学物质的肺代谢，从而可能影响它们的毒性。
