Department of Cognitive Neurology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstraße 16, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2011 Nov 28;369(1955):4470-94. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0252.
The acute onset of a neurological deficit is the key clinical feature of stroke. In most cases, however, pathophysiological changes in the cerebral vasculature precede the event, often by many years. Persisting neurological deficits may also require long-term rehabilitation. Hence, stroke may be considered a chronic disease, and diagnostic and therapeutic efforts must include identification of specific risk factors, and the monitoring of and interventions in the acute and subacute stages, and should aim at a pathophysiologically based approach to optimize the rehabilitative effort. Non-invasive optical techniques have been experimentally used in all three stages of the disease and may complement the established diagnostic and monitoring tools. Here, we provide an overview of studies using the methodology in the context of stroke, and we sketch perspectives of how they may be integrated into the assessment of the highly dynamic pathophysiological processes during the acute and subacute stages of the disease and also during rehabilitation and (secondary) prevention of stroke.
神经功能缺损的急性发作是中风的关键临床特征。然而，在大多数情况下，脑血管的病理生理变化先于事件发生，通常早发生多年。持续的神经功能缺损也可能需要长期康复。因此，中风可被视为一种慢性病，诊断和治疗措施必须包括确定特定的风险因素，以及监测和干预急性和亚急性期，并应旨在基于病理生理的方法来优化康复努力。非侵入性光学技术已在疾病的所有三个阶段进行了实验性应用，并且可以补充既定的诊断和监测工具。在这里，我们提供了在中风背景下使用该方法的研究概述，并概述了如何将它们整合到对疾病的急性和亚急性期以及康复期间和中风的（二级）预防期间高度动态病理生理过程的评估中。
