Prat S, Frommer W B, Höfgen R, Keil M, Kossmann J, Köster-Töpfer M, Liu X J, Müller B, Peña-Cortés H, Rocha-Sosa M
Institut fur Genbiologische Forschung, Berlin GmbH, FRG.
FEBS Lett. 1990 Aug 1;268(2):334-8. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(90)81281-r.
Potato tubers are modified stems that have differentiated into storage organs. Factors such as day-length, nitrogen supply, and levels of the phytohormones cytokinin and gibberellic acid, are known to control tuberization. Morphological changes during tuber initiation are accompanied by the accumulation of a characteristic set of proteins, thought to be involved in N-storage (i.e. patatin) or defense against microbial or insect attack (i.e. proteinase inhibitor II). Additionally, deposition of large amounts of starch occurs during tuber formation, which is paralleled by an increase in sucrose synthase and other enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis (i.e. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, starch synthases, and branching enzyme). Potential controlling mechanisms for genes expressed during tuberization are discussed.
马铃薯块茎是已分化为储存器官的变态茎。已知诸如日照长度、氮供应以及植物激素细胞分裂素和赤霉素水平等因素可控制块茎形成。块茎起始过程中的形态变化伴随着一组特征性蛋白质的积累，这些蛋白质被认为参与氮储存（即马铃薯块茎蛋白）或抵御微生物或昆虫攻击（即蛋白酶抑制剂II）。此外，在块茎形成过程中会发生大量淀粉的沉积，与此同时蔗糖合酶和其他参与淀粉生物合成的酶（即ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合酶和分支酶）的含量增加。本文讨论了块茎形成过程中基因表达的潜在调控机制。
