Zhang Li-hua, Li Jun, Jia Zhi-kuan, Liu Bing-feng, Zhao Hong-li, Shang Jin-xia
College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2011 Jul;22(7):1750-8.
A field experiment was conducted in 2007-2010 to study the effects of no-tillage, subsoiling, and deep-ploughing combined with balanced fertilization, traditional fertilization, and no (or lower amount) fertilization on the soil water storage, crop yield, water use efficiency (WUE), and economic return of winter wheat-spring maize rotation field in Weibei highland. Among the tillage measures, no-tillage in fallow period had the best effect in soil water conservation, followed by sub-soiling, and deep-ploughing. The average water storage in 0-200 cm soil layer in crop growth period under no-tillage and sub-soiling was 6.7% and 1.9% higher than that under deep-ploughing, respectively. Under the balanced, traditional, and no (or lower amount) fertilizations, subsoiling all showed the highest yield, WUE, and economic return, with the best effect under balanced fertilization. The three-year crop yield under sub-soiling combined with balanced fertilization was 6909, 9689, and 5589 kg x hm(-2), WUE was 18.5, 25.2, and 23.0 kg x hm(-2) x mm(-1), and economic return was 5034, 5045, and 7098 yuan x hm(-2), respectively. It was suggested that balanced fertilization combined with sub-soiling had the best effect in soil water conservation and yield- and income increase, being the more appropriate fertilization and tillage mode for the wheat-maize rotation field in Weibei highland.
2007—2010年开展了田间试验，研究免耕、深松、深耕结合平衡施肥、传统施肥以及不施肥（或少量施肥）对渭北旱塬冬小麦—春玉米轮作田土壤储水量、作物产量、水分利用效率（WUE）和经济效益的影响。在耕作措施中，休闲期免耕保水效果最佳，其次是深松，深耕效果最差。作物生长期间，免耕和深松处理0—200 cm土层平均储水量分别比深耕处理高6.7%和1.9%。在平衡施肥、传统施肥和不施肥（或少量施肥）条件下，深松处理的产量、WUE和经济效益均最高，其中平衡施肥条件下效果最佳。深松结合平衡施肥3年作物产量分别为6909、9689和5589 kg·hm-2，WUE分别为18.5、25.2和23.0 kg·hm-2·mm-1，经济效益分别为5034、5045和7098元·hm-2。结果表明，平衡施肥结合深松在保水及增产增收方面效果最佳，是渭北旱塬小麦—玉米轮作田较为适宜的施肥和耕作方式。
