University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2012 Mar;41(3):320-32. doi: 10.1007/s10964-011-9723-x. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
Previous studies have indicated homophily in depressive symptoms among adolescent friends, resulting from both peer selection and socialization processes. However, developmental differences and the role of school transitions in these processes have not been elucidated. A sample of 367 (51% female) adolescents was followed from 6th to 11th grade to investigate prospective relationships between adolescents' and their friends' depressive symptoms in middle school and in high school. Results revealed that students selected friends with similar levels of depressive symptoms after each school transition. Additionally, friends appeared to socialize adolescents to become more similar in depressive affect in late middle school years. These findings suggest normative selection effects after school transitions, followed by socialization effects in middle school, but not high school.
先前的研究表明，青少年朋友之间的抑郁症状存在同质性，这是同伴选择和社会化过程共同作用的结果。然而，这些过程中的发展差异和学校过渡的作用尚未得到阐明。本研究对 367 名（51%为女性）青少年进行了为期 6 年至 11 年的跟踪调查，以探讨青少年及其朋友在中学和高中阶段抑郁症状的前瞻性关系。研究结果表明，学生在每一次学校过渡后都会选择与自己有相似抑郁症状水平的朋友。此外，朋友似乎在初中后期促使青少年在抑郁情绪上变得更加相似。这些发现表明，在学校过渡后存在规范性选择效应，然后是初中的社会化效应，但高中没有。
