Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Locked Bag 10, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2012 Feb;14(1):45-53. doi: 10.1007/s11920-011-0242-y.
This paper reviews recent studies of biological and environmental risk and protective factors and patterns of continuity leading to borderline personality disorder (BPD). It focuses on prospective studies of children and adolescents and studies of young people with borderline pathology, reporting findings from genetics, neurobiology, experimental psychopathology, environmental risk, and precursor signs and symptoms. Studies of individuals earlier in the course of BPD demonstrate relatively consistent environmental risk factors, but neurobiological and experimental psychopathology findings are still inconsistent. Also, temperamental and mental state abnormalities that resemble aspects of the BPD phenotype emerge in childhood and adolescence and presage the BPD syndrome in adolescence or adulthood. Further work is required to better understand the roles that all these factors play in the developmental pathways to BPD and to increase their specificity for BPD in order to facilitate prevention and early intervention.
本文综述了导致边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的生物学和环境风险及保护因素以及连续性模式的最新研究。它重点关注儿童和青少年的前瞻性研究以及具有边缘型病理的年轻人的研究，报告了遗传学、神经生物学、实验精神病理学、环境风险以及前驱体征和症状的发现。对 BPD 病程早期个体的研究表明，存在相对一致的环境风险因素，但神经生物学和实验精神病理学的发现仍然不一致。此外，类似于 BPD 表型某些方面的气质和精神状态异常在儿童和青少年时期出现，并预示着青少年或成年期的 BPD 综合征。需要进一步的工作来更好地理解所有这些因素在通向 BPD 的发展途径中所起的作用，并提高它们对 BPD 的特异性，以促进预防和早期干预。
