Department of Dentistry, Vita Salute University, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2011 Sep-Oct;26(5):1057-62.
Different graft materials have been proposed to minimize the reduction in ridge volume after tooth extraction. The aim of the present study was to compare the use of synthetic magnesium-enriched hydroxyapatite (MHA) with porcine bone (PB) grafts in fresh sockets by histologic and histomorphometric analyses.
Forty-five fresh extraction sockets were selected in 15 patients. A split-mouth design was used: 15 sockets received MHA in one side of the jaw (MHA group), 15 sockets on the other side received PB (PB group), and 15 random unfilled sockets were considered the control group. Four months after surgery, cylindric bone specimens were harvested for histologic and histomorphometric analyses.
Histologic examinations revealed an absence of inflammatory cells, bone formation in all treated sites, and the presence of biomaterial particles and connective tissue. Mean vital bone measurements for the MHA, PB, and control groups were 36.5% ± 2.6%, 38.0% ± 16.2%, and 30.3% ± 4.8%, respectively. Statistically significant differences were found between the MHA and control groups and between the PB and control groups; differences between the MHA and PB groups were not significant. Connective tissue percentages averaged 33.3% ± 1.5% for the MHA group, 25.3% ± 9.4% for the PB group, and 58.3% ± 7.1% for the control group. Statistically significant differences were found between all groups. Residual graft material occupied 32.2% ± 3.2% of the MHA-grafted sites and 36.6% ± 4.8% of the PB sites. This difference was not statistically significant.
Within the limits of this study, histologic examination showed the same biologic behavior in bone formation and resorption processes for the two examined biomaterials.
为了尽量减少拔牙后牙槽骨量的减少，已经提出了不同的移植物材料。本研究的目的是通过组织学和组织形态计量学分析比较合成富镁羟磷灰石（MHA）与猪骨（PB）移植物在新鲜牙槽窝中的应用。
在 15 名患者中选择了 45 个新鲜拔牙窝。采用半口设计：15 个牙槽窝的一侧植入 MHA（MHA 组），另一侧植入 PB（PB 组），15 个随机未填充的牙槽窝为对照组。术后 4 个月，采集圆柱形骨标本进行组织学和组织形态计量学分析。
组织学检查显示所有治疗部位均无炎症细胞，有骨形成，且存在生物材料颗粒和结缔组织。MHA、PB 和对照组的平均活骨测量值分别为 36.5%±2.6%、38.0%±16.2%和 30.3%±4.8%。MHA 与对照组之间以及 PB 与对照组之间存在统计学显著差异；MHA 与 PB 组之间的差异无统计学意义。MHA 组的结缔组织百分比平均为 33.3%±1.5%，PB 组为 25.3%±9.4%，对照组为 58.3%±7.1%。所有组之间均存在统计学显著差异。残留的移植物材料分别占 MHA 移植部位的 32.2%±3.2%和 PB 移植部位的 36.6%±4.8%。这种差异无统计学意义。
在本研究的范围内，组织学检查显示两种检查生物材料的成骨和吸收过程具有相同的生物学行为。
