Ranmuthugala Geetha, Brown Laurie, Lidbury Brett A
National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling, University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2011 Jun;35(2):177-84. doi: 10.33321/cdi.2011.35.15.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) presents very similar to influenza and is the principle cause of bronchiolitis in infants and young children worldwide. Yet, there is no systematic monitoring of RSV activity in Australia. This study uses existing published data sources to estimate incidence, hospitalisation rates, and associated costs of RSV among young children in Australia. Published reports from the Laboratory Virology and Serology Reporting Scheme, a passive voluntary surveillance system, and the National Hospital Morbidity Dataset were used to estimate RSV-related age-specific hospitalisation rates in New South Wales and Australia. These estimates and national USA estimates of RSV-related hospitalisation rates were applied to Australian population data to estimate RSV incidence in Australia. Direct economic burden was estimated by applying cost estimates used to derive economic cost associated with the influenza virus. The estimated RSV-related hospitalisation rates ranged from 2.2-4.5 per 1,000 among children less than 5 years of age to 8.7-17.4 per 1,000 among infants. Incidence ranged from 110.0-226.5 per 1,000 among the under five age group to 435.0-869.0 per 1,000 among infants. The total annual direct healthcare cost was estimated to be between $24 million and $50 million. Comparison with the health burdens attributed to the influenza virus and rotavirus suggests that the disease burden caused by RSV is potentially much higher. The limitations associated with using a passive surveillance system to estimate disease burden, and the need to explore further assessments and to monitor RSV activity are discussed.
呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的症状与流感非常相似，是全球婴幼儿细支气管炎的主要病因。然而，澳大利亚并未对RSV的活动情况进行系统监测。本研究利用现有的已发表数据源，估算澳大利亚幼儿中RSV的发病率、住院率及相关成本。通过被动自愿监测系统“实验室病毒学和血清学报告计划”以及“国家医院发病率数据集”发布的报告，来估算新南威尔士州和澳大利亚与RSV相关的特定年龄住院率。将这些估算值以及美国对RSV相关住院率的全国估算值应用于澳大利亚人口数据，以估算澳大利亚的RSV发病率。通过应用用于推导与流感病毒相关经济成本的成本估算值，来估算直接经济负担。5岁以下儿童中与RSV相关的估算住院率为每1000人2.2 - 4.5例，婴儿中为每1000人8.7 - 17.4例。五岁以下年龄组的发病率为每1000人110.0 - 226.5例，婴儿中为每1000人435.0 - 869.0例。每年的直接医疗总成本估计在2400万美元至5000万美元之间。与流感病毒和轮状病毒造成的健康负担相比，表明RSV造成的疾病负担可能要高得多。文中讨论了使用被动监测系统估算疾病负担的局限性，以及进一步开展评估和监测RSV活动的必要性。
